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基于图形神经网络的替代模型,用于城市排水网络的实时液压预测
Zhiyu Zhang1, Wenchong Tian2, Chenkaixiang Lu3
1College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China.
Water research
|August 2, 2024
概括
本研究介绍了城市排水网络的图形神经网络 (GNN) 替代模型,比传统基于物理的模型提供更快,更准确的液压预测. 物理引导的机制提高了实时应用的准确性和可解释性.
科学领域:
- 环境工程 环境工程
- 计算式水力学 计算式水力学
- 在水系统中的人工智能
背景情况:
- 城市排水网络的基于物理的模型是计算密集的,限制了实时预测能力.
- 完全连接的神经网络 (NN) 提供了作为替代模型的潜力,但对于复杂的液压目标,往往缺乏可解释性和效率.
- 图形神经网络 (GNN) 对于模拟城市排水网络等相互连接的系统具有固有的结构优势.
研究的目的:
- 开发基于GNN的替代模型,以加速城市排水网络中的液压预测.
- 将物理导向机制集成到GNN代理中,以执行液压约束并提高可解释性.
- 评估GNN替代品的成本效益和准确性,与传统的NN和基于物理的模型相比.
主要方法:
- 一个GNN替代模型被设计用于预测未来的液压状态,使用过去的状态作为初始条件和未来的流水/控制政策作为边界条件.
- 包括流量平衡和洪水限制在内的以物理为导向的机制被纳入,以确保物理可信性.
- 该GNN模型在雨水网络案例研究中进行了培训和验证,将其性能与完全连接的NNN进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 与基于NN的模型相比,基于GNN的替代模型在同等训练后显示出更高的成本效益和更高的液压预测准确性.
- 综合物理引导机制通过结合可解释的领域知识,有效地减少了预测错误.
- 替代GNN显著加速了城市排水网络的预测建模,从而实现实时应用.
结论:
- 城市排水网络为城市排水网络的替代建模提供了可解释和有效的数据驱动解决方案.
- 物理引导机制提高了基于GNN的液压预测的可靠性和物理一致性.
- 拟议的GNN替代模型有助于实时液压预测,克服了计算成本昂贵的基于物理的方法的局限性.
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