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管道中的小分子抗艾滋病药物或最近批准的小分子抗艾滋病药物的现状

Théoneste Umumararungu¹, Jean Baptiste Nyandwi², Jonathan Katandula³

¹Department of Industrial Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda.

Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry

|August 2, 2024

概括

新的抗逆转录病毒药物正在临床试验中取得进展,以对抗耐药的人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV). 本综述详细介绍了针对各种艾滋病毒成分的新型疗法,为治疗获得性免疫缺陷综合征 (艾滋病) 提供了希望.

科学领域:

病毒学和免疫学病毒学和免疫学
药用化学医学化学
临床药理学临床药理学

背景情况:

导致获得性免疫缺陷综合征 (艾滋病) 的人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染仍然是一个重大的全球卫生挑战.
对当前抗逆转录病毒 (ARV) 疗法的耐药性增加使治疗复杂化,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs).
耐药性的出现与包括滥用药物,供应链问题和治疗监测不足在内的因素有关.

研究的目的:

审查和讨论到2024年7月发现和开发新型ARV药物的进展情况.
提供临床试验各阶段新型ARV化合物的概述.
分析新兴抗艾滋病毒药物的作用机制,耐药性途径,疗效,安全性和药物类别.

主要方法:

在临床开发中对ARV药物的综合文献综述.
对药物标,耐药性相关基因,疗效和安全性资料的数据分析.
基于其作用机制和临床试验阶段的新化合物的分类.

主要成果:

在开发针对不同艾滋病毒组件的新型ARV方面取得了重大进展,包括逆转录酶,整合酶,附着酶,囊酶和成熟酶.
在各种临床试验阶段的化合物包括新型核酸逆转录酶抑制剂 (NRTIs),非核酸逆转录酶抑制剂 (NNRTIs),整合酶抑制剂,附着抑制剂和囊抑制剂.
新兴药物类别和各种化合物也在调查中,以克服现有的抗药机制.

结论:

在开发新的抗艾滋病毒药物方面取得了显著进展,由于缺乏确定的治疗方法或疫苗,持续的努力至关重要.
持续的研究是必要的,以减少现有的ARV的毒性,并发现新的药物类别,可以有效地延迟或防止耐药性.
开发管道显示了改善艾滋病毒/艾滋病管理和治疗策略的希望.

关键词:

抗艾滋病毒药物抗艾滋病毒药物药物发现药物发现艾滋病病毒-1 艾滋病病毒-1 艾滋病毒-2 艾滋病毒-2 作用机制作用机制

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