鞋跟高度对跑步中的脚动态的影响
Ali Yawar1, Daniel E Lieberman2
1Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. aliyawar92@gmail.com.
Scientific reports
|August 2, 2024
概括
跑步鞋的鞋跟高度显著影响脚动态和受伤风险. 高跟鞋最初会增加前面平面脚扭矩,但由于脚的姿势和跑步机制的改变,这种效应会随着进一步的升高而减少.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 人类运动科学科学 人类运动科学
背景情况:
- 传统的跑步鞋具有高跟高度,这是一个对脚和脚生物力学效应研究不足的因素.
- 了解这些影响对于预防受伤和优化跑步者的表现至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究不同脚跟高度 (6-26毫米) 在跑步过程中对脚动态的影响.
- 为了比较赤脚跑步和穿着加高跟鞋的极小鞋子跑步之间的生物力学反应.
主要方法:
- 在这项研究中,有8名后足冲刺跑者参与了这项研究.
- 数据收集涉及分析脚动力学在赤脚和最小的鞋子条件与增量高的脚跟.
- 捕获了动力学和动力学数据,以评估正面和斜面平面脚扭矩和速度.
主要成果:
- 与预测相反,正面平面脚扭矩最初在脚跟高度最小时增加,但在脚跟高度较高时减少,这归因于脚的姿势改变.
- 增加脚跟高度导致脚脚下屈曲速度在脚跟撞击时显著增加.
- 跑步者展示了鞋子设计修改的补偿机制,特别是在前面的平面.
结论:
- 穿着最简单的鞋子跑步在生物机械上不同于赤脚跑步,原因是复杂的自感和生物机械相互作用.
- 跑步者可以适应鞋跟高度的变化,影响脚动态和潜在的受伤风险.
- 这项研究强调了鞋类设计,生物力学和跑步适应之间的细微关系.
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