墨西哥有或没有认知障碍的老年人中自我报告的医疗保健利用人口水平趋势
José Eduardo Cabrero Castro1, Rebeca Wong2, Rafael Samper Ternent3
1Department of Population Health & Health Disparities, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA. jecabrer@utmb.edu.
BMC geriatrics
|August 2, 2024
概括
在墨西哥,认知障碍的老年人使用医疗保健的方式不同,住院病例较多,但门诊和查服务使用率较低. 需要采取政策干预措施来解决这些差异.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 认知障碍显著改变了老年人医疗保健利用模式.
- 对这些差异的研究在低收入和中等收入国家是有限的.
- 墨西哥为研究这些医疗保健获取差异提供了一个独特的背景.
研究的目的:
- 调查墨西哥有或没有认知障碍的老年人中人口层面的医疗保健利用趋势.
- 根据认知状态确定医疗保健服务使用的具体差异.
- 为老龄化人口提供公平医疗保健的政策提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用了墨西哥健康与衰老研究的五波 (2001-2018) 数据.
- 评估自我报告的医疗保健利用 (住院,医生访问,查) 和认知功能 (跨文化认知检查).
- 采用通用估计方程模型来分析趋势和认知状态相互作用.
主要成果:
- 医院住院和查的医疗保健利用率一般增加到2012年,然后停滞或下降.
- 认知障碍与更高的住院风险有关,但对门诊服务和查 (胆固醇,糖尿病) 的使用较低.
- 显著的相互作用效应显示了牙科诊所和高血压查的不同轨迹,基于随时间推移的认知状态.
结论:
- 人口层面上存在着明显的医疗保健利用趋势,因认知状态而有所不同,特别是在选择性和查服务方面.
- 认知障碍的老年人表现出独特的医疗保健寻求行为和获取模式.
- 政策干预至关重要,以确保对这一弱势群体的全面医疗保健需求得到满足.
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