评估从放射学报告中提取肺RADS得分的准确性:手动输入与自然语言处理对比
Amir Gandomi1, Eusha Hasan2, Jesse Chusid3
1Northwell, New Hyde Park, NY, USA; Institute of Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA; Frank G. Zarb School of Business, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA.
International journal of medical informatics
|August 3, 2024
概括
与手动数据输入相比,自然语言处理 (NLP) 为从肺癌查 (LCS) 报告中提取肺RADS得分提供了更准确和更有效的方法. 这种NLP方法应该作为可靠的LCS程序评估的最佳实践.
科学领域:
- 放射学和医学信息学
- 在医疗保健中的自然语言处理.
- 肺癌查计划评估计划的评价
背景情况:
- 放射学评分系统,如Lung-RADS,对于肺癌查 (LCS) 计划的成功至关重要.
- 精确提取肺RADS得分对于患者护理,随访遵守和程序监控至关重要.
- 放射学报告的变化使得手动提取肺RADS得分具有挑战性,并且缺乏标准化的最佳实践.
研究的目的:
- 从自由文本放射学报告中提取肺RADS得分的不同方法的有效性进行比较.
- 评估手动医生输入,手动LCS专家输入,以及基于规则的NLP算法来提取肺RADS得分.
主要方法:
- 从2016年1月到2023年7月,对24,060次LCS低剂量计算机断层扫描 (LDCT) 检查进行了回顾性分析.
- 三种肺-RADS得分提取方法的比较:放射科医生手动输入,LCS专家手动输入和NLP算法.
- 评估指标包括分数提取的准确性,回忆,精度和完整性.
主要成果:
- NLP算法实现了99%的完整率,明显高于手动输入 (65%为放射科医生,68%为专家).
- 所有方法都显示出高准确度,回忆力和精度 (>94%),NLP方法始终优于手工方法.
- 数据集包括14,243名患者,平均年龄为65岁,主要是男性 (54%) 和白人 (75%).
结论:
- 与手动审查相比,自然语言处理 (NLP) 提供了一种更有效,更准确的方法来提取肺RADS得分.
- 基于NLP的提取应该被认为是从非结构化的放射学报告中获得结构化肺RADS得分的最佳实践.
- 实施NLP可以提高LCS程序评估和患者管理的可靠性和效率.
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