探索青少年自杀轨迹:种族/种族,性别和社会联系的交叉点
Susan De Luca1,2,3, Yueqi Yan4, Darerian Schueller2
1Population Health Equity Research Institute, The MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Journal of adolescence
|August 5, 2024
概括
青少年的自杀想法和尝试显示了种族/民族和性别差异. 了解这些纵向模式和社会支持是制定有针对性的干预措施和降低风险的关键.
科学领域:
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
- 心理健康差异的差异
- 纵向研究 纵向研究
背景情况:
- 青少年的自杀念头和企图表现出显著的种族/民族和性别差异.
- 对这些差异的纵向理解对于有效的风险降低策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查青少年自杀思想和企图中的纵向种族/民族和性别差异.
- 确定社会支持 (父母和同龄人) 如何随着时间的推移影响这些差异.
主要方法:
- 采用了18887名参与者参与的全国青少年至成人健康长度研究 (Add Health研究) 的数据.
- 雇佣重复测量潜伏类分析以建模自杀想法和企图的纵向模式.
- 在四个数据波中调查了种族/少数民族地位和社会支持的预测作用.
主要成果:
- 自杀想法和企图的最高风险群体出现在青春期早期,主要是女性.
- 第二个流行群体,主要是非西班牙裔白人女性,第一次在二十多岁时披露了想法.
- 社会支持显示出多种不同的效果;在早期浪潮中,更强大的学校联系减少了黑人女性的风险,而在黑人女性,非西班牙裔白人和拉丁裔人群中观察到社会支持和高风险阶级之间的负面联系.
结论:
- 了解自杀念头和企图的交叉差异至关重要,因为美国人口多样化.
- 根据不同社区的特定风险和保护因素调整干预措施,可以帮助消除差异.
- 纵向研究对于随着时间的推移跟踪不同人口群体风险和保护因素的变化至关重要.
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