构建系统地图:将系统思维应用于不健康的商品产业,对公共卫生政策的影响
Adam Bertscher1, James Nobles2, Anna B Gilmore3
1Department of Social and Policy Sciences, Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
International journal of health policy and management
|August 5, 2024
概括
不健康的商品产业 (UCIs) 使用复杂的政治策略来影响公共卫生政策. 系统测绘揭示了UCI影响的相互联系的途径,突出了有效公共卫生干预的挑战.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 系统科学 系统科学
- 政治科学 政治科学是指政治学.
背景情况:
- 不健康的商品产业 (UCIs) 采用阻碍公共卫生政策的政治策略,表现出复杂的系统动态.
- 系统思维为理解相互关联的政治,经济和社会结构提供了有价值的框架,这些结构是UCI影响的基础.
- 这项研究旨在开发一种定性系统地图,以可视化UCI对公共卫生政策的影响途径.
研究的目的:
- 通过不健康的商品产业 (UCIs) 影响公共卫生政策的复杂途径进行定性地图.
- 确定UCI影响策略与潜在的政治,经济和社会结构之间的相互联系.
- 利用系统思维来加深对UCI对公共卫生影响的理解.
主要方法:
- 在2021年11月至2022年2月期间进行了23次在线参与式系统映射研讨会.
- 吸引了来自学术界,民间社会,公共办公室和全球治理组织的52个不同的利益相关者.
- 根据现有研究开发了一个初步的系统地图,并通过参与者反和NVivo分析来完善它.
主要成果:
- 最终的系统地图包括五个相互依赖的主题中的64个元素,详细介绍了UCI影响路径.
- 确定的关键途径包括直接接触决策者,制造怀疑,优先考虑利,利用法律程序和操纵政策规范.
- 最初的40个元素的地图有了显著的发展,反映了对UCI影响机制的全面理解.
结论:
- UCI对公共卫生政策的影响是一个复杂的,多方面的问题,不能简化为单个干预措施.
- 影响的途径源于跨越国家和全球政治,经济和社会结构的复杂相互作用.
- 参与式地图绘制照亮了互联网,为开发针对性干预措施提供了基础,以应对UCI的影响.
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