检测趋势和HIV,C型肝炎和性传播感染 (STIs) 的联合检测模式在急诊室
Hasan Symum1, Michelle Van Handel1, Amy Sandul2
1Program and Performance Improvement Office, Office of the Director, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and Tuberculosis Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), United States.
Preventive medicine reports
|August 5, 2024
概括
从2010年到2019年,急诊室的HIV,C型肝炎和性传播感染的检测增加了. 同时测试率各不相同,突出了改善传染病诊断和护理联系的机会.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗保健服务研究
背景情况:
- 紧急部门 (ED) 作为医疗保健的关键接入点,为服务不足的人群提供医疗保健.
- 病房诊断器为传染病查和将患者与护理联系起来提供了一个重要的机会.
- 关于艾滋病毒,型肝炎和性传播感染的ED测试的国家趋势以前未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 分析2010年至2019年期间紧急诊所 (ED) 艾滋病毒,C型肝炎和性传播感染 (STIs) 检测率的国家趋势.
- 调查联合测试的模式 (在一次ED访问期间测试多种感染).
- 识别与测试趋势相关的社会人口统计,医院和访问特征.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自2010-2019年医疗保健成本和利用项目的数据,全国紧急情况部门样本.
- 使用当前程序术语代码,估计每1000次ED检查HIV,C型肝炎,克拉米迪亚,淋病和梅毒的测试率.
- 通过Joinpoint回归分析使用年平均百分比变化 (AAPC) 分析趋势,检查联合测试模式.
主要成果:
- 从2010年到2019年,每1000次访问的检测事件显著增加了HIV (16.3%),C型肝炎 (25.1%),克拉米迪亚 (6.6%),淋病 (7.4%) 和梅毒 (12.9%) 的检测事件.
- 2010年,在基线测试较低的人群中观察到最实质性的增长率,包括老年人,医疗补助受益者和低收入人群.
- 在所有研究的感染中,同时测试率显著增加,除了C型肝炎.
结论:
- 紧急部门对艾滋病毒,C型肝炎和性传播疾病的测试在2010年至2019年之间在全国范围内显著增加.
- 虽然整体测试增加,但在不同感染中,共同测试模式不一致.
- 在EDs中加强联合测试策略可以改善传染病诊断,并促进及时与护理联系,特别是在高患病率地区.
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