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选择保持了一个不适应的花多功能性

José María Gómez^1,2, Adela González-Megías^2,3, Cristina Armas¹

¹Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (EEZA-CSIC), Almería, Spain.

Evolution letters

|August 5, 2024

概括

在Moricandia arvensis的适应性表型可塑性产生不同的花朵季节性. 这种花多功能性不是适应性的,因为授粉者喜欢单一的类型,但通过夏季开花的选择来维持.

科学领域:

进化生物学进化生物学
植物科学植物科学
生态生态学生态生态学

背景情况:

现型可塑性允许生物适应环境变化.
适应性可塑性对于应对环境异质性至关重要,但通常是假设而不是证明.
莫里坎迪亚亚亚文西斯表现出极端的季节性花多功能性,在春季和夏季产生不同类型的花朵.

研究的目的:

为了研究季节性花多的适应性,在Moricandia arvensis.
确定M. arvensis中观察到的花多功能性是适应性的还是其他选择性压力的副产品.
了解非适应性可塑性的进化维护.

主要方法:

在Moricandia arvensis中检查了季节性花多功能性.
评估了对花特征的选择压力,包括授粉者偏好.
调查了夏季开花和叶子特征可塑性在触发花多功能主义中的作用.

主要成果:

在M. arvensis中,花多功能性不是适应性的,选择在夏季将特征从局部最佳状态移开.
授粉者通过在各个季节中偏好单一的形态来对花多元化进行强有力的选择.
尽管不适应,但花多性在M. arvensis中广泛存在,可能是古老的.
夏季开花,受到适应性叶子可塑性的青,触发了花多功能性,对种子生产有好处.

结论:

在M. arvensis中,非适应性的花多功能性是通过选择有利于夏季开花而间接维持的.
这项研究提供了证据,证明非适应性可塑性可以作为殖民压力环境的副产品演变.
这些发现突出了塑性,环境变化和进化维护之间的复杂相互作用.

关键词:

适应性可塑性适应性可塑性花的可塑性是花的可塑性.适应不良的情况自然选择自然选择授粉者是授粉者.在个体内可塑性.

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Frequency-dependent Selection

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Limits to Natural Selection

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What is Natural Selection?

Natural selection is an evolutionary process in which individuals with survival-promoting traits reproduce at higher rates. These favorable traits become more common within a population or species. Naturally selected traits initially arise via random genetic mutations. In order for selection to occur, there must be variation within a population, the trait controlling the variation must be heritable, and there must be an evolutionary advantage for variation in the trait.

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Formation of Species

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