二氧化 (E171) 作为人类食品添加剂的安全性
1Warheit Scientific LLC, Wilmington, DE, United States.
Frontiers in toxicology
|August 5, 2024
概括
欧洲食品安全局 (EFSA) 错误地认为二氧化 (TiO2) 具有基因毒性风险. 这一基于纳米粒子研究的决定忽略了TiO2 .
科学领域:
- 食品添加剂安全 食品添加剂安全
- 纳米材料的毒理学
- 监管科学 监管科学
背景情况:
- 二氧化 (TiO2),或E171,是一种广泛使用的白色食品染料.
- 欧洲食品安全局2021年的结论提出了基因毒性问题,与之前的安全评估相矛盾.
- 这一转变是基于TiO2纳米材料的基因毒性测试.
研究的目的:
- 认为EFSA2021年关于二氧化 (E171) 安全性的结论是错误的.
- 批判性地评估EFSA对TiO2.2的基因毒性担忧的科学依据.
- 提供TiO2粒子特性,毒性数据和监管前景的全面审查.
主要方法:
- 对二氧化颗粒大小分布的解释.
- 讨论EFSA不断变化的安全意见 (2016-2021年).
- 在老鼠和小鼠的口服毒性研究的审查.
- 对不同物种的胃肠道吸收率的分析.
- 考虑国际科学意见和监管机构的观点.
- 对TiO2.2的基因毒性研究的评估.
主要成果:
- 在动物养研究中观察到TiO2颗粒的低毒性.
- 人类和老鼠的胃肠道中TiO2的吸收率较低.
- 国际机构和专家不同意EFSA的解释,并引用了非代表性的试验材料.
- 没有直接的DNA损伤机制确定TiO2,包括纳米形式.
结论:
- 欧洲食品安全局关于二氧化 (E171) 基因毒性的2021年结论是基于有缺陷的推理.
- 使用分散的纳米粒子数据不适合评估食品级TiO2.
- 目前的证据不支持二氧化作为食品添加剂的基因毒性风险.
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