相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 18, 2025

09:05
MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism
Published on: February 6, 2017
7.5K
关于miRNAs在人类传染性病毒和宿主之间的相互作用中的作用的研究进展:一篇综述
Xiaotong Wang1, Wenchang Zhao2
1Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang, China.
Biomolecules & biomedicine
|August 5, 2024
概括
微RNA (miRNA) 是调节基因表达的小RNA. 本综述详细介绍了宿主和病毒miRNA如何影响病毒与宿主相互作用,影响复制和免疫力.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 微RNA (miRNA) 是小型的非编码RNA分子 (约22个核酸),在转录后调节基因表达.
- miRNAs参与了关键的细胞过程,如分化,增殖和亡.
- 病毒和宿主生物都编码miRNA,在它们的相互作用中发挥关键作用.
研究的目的:
- 综合审查miRNAs在病毒与宿主相互作用中的多方面的作用.
- 阐明宿主和病毒miRNAs调节病毒复制和病变的机制.
- 为潜在的治疗策略提供洞察力,针对病毒感染中的miRNA途径.
主要方法:
- 关于病毒感染中miRNA功能研究的文献综述.
- 对宿主miRNA与病毒基因组和复制机制的相互作用进行分析.
- 检查病毒miRNA与宿主mRNA的结合以及免疫调节效应.
主要成果:
- 宿主miRNA可以通过与病毒基因组或宿主因子的直接相互作用来抑制或促进病毒复制.
- 病毒miRNAs可以抑制宿主免疫反应,并通过向宿主mRNAs来增强病毒复制.
- miRNAs是病毒与宿主之间复杂相互作用的关键作用者.
结论:
- miRNAs是病毒-宿主动态中的核心参与者,影响病毒病原性.
- 了解这些miRNA介导的相互作用对于破译病毒机制至关重要.
- 向miRNA途径为新型抗病毒疗法提供了一个有希望的途径.
相关概念视频
Viral Mutations
32.2K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
32.2K
MicroRNAs
3.0K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
3.0K
Viral Recombination
23.3K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
23.3K
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
16.7K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
16.7K
Experimental RNAi
6.1K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
6.1K
RNA Interference
26.0K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
26.0K

