超过5年的生存期. 合作骨肉瘤研究小组 (COSS) 的一份报告
Julia S Fernandes1, Claudia Blattmann1, Stefanie Hecker-Nolting1
1Pädiatrie 5 (Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Stuttgart Cancer Center, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin, Klinikum Stuttgart-Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany.
Cancer medicine
|August 5, 2024
概括
骨髓瘤患者的长期生存受到5年内复发,诊断时年龄较大以及二次恶性瘤病史的影响. 这些因素对于了解初始治疗后的结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 医学统计 医学统计
背景情况:
- 骨髓瘤的预后因素已经确立,但幸存者的长期结果未得到充分研究.
- 对骨髓瘤幸存者的大规模分析是必要的,以确定影响长期预后的因素.
研究的目的:
- 分析一次性高度中央骨髓瘤5年幸存者的长期生存结果.
- 确定影响骨髓瘤幸存者的预后和预测因素.
主要方法:
- 利用合作骨髓瘤研究小组 (COSS) 数据库 (1980-2019) 包括2009年初级高度中央骨髓瘤的五年幸存者.
- 分析了生存结果,复发模式和预后因素,这些因素在初始诊断和前五年随访期间明显.
- 采用多变量考克斯回归来确定长期生存的重要预测因素.
主要成果:
- 在5,10,15和20年后的总生存率分别为91.7%,88.9%,85.8%和83.4%.
- 在前5年内缓解的患者的生存率明显更好 (5年后97.5%),而复发的患者 (5年后62.7%).
- 多变量分析确定在前5年内复发 (p<0.001),诊断时年龄较大 (p=0.009),以及二次恶性瘤 (p=0.013) 作为死亡率的显著预测因素.
结论:
- 瘤对化疗的反应是早期的关键预后因素,但在长期幸存者中失去意义.
- 个体恶性瘤病史及其结果对于预测骨髓瘤患者的长期存活变得越来越重要.
- 这项研究强调了需要大型数据库和延长后续期,以了解骨髓瘤幸存者的发展轨迹,并确定新的风险因素.
相关概念视频
02:56Treatment Resistant Cancers
3.3K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.3K
01:21Cancer Survival Analysis
334
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
334
02:07Tumor Progression
6.3K
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
6.3K
01:03Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer
5.0K
Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
5.0K
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.5K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.5K
02:49Cancer Therapies
7.6K
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
7.6K