向癌症发病率实时报告:方法,试点研究和SEER计划实施
Huann-Sheng Chen1, Serban Negoita1, Steve Schwartz2
1Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs
|August 5, 2024
概括
国家癌症研究所 (NCI) 监测,流行病学和最终结果 (SEER) 计划正在开发实时癌症报告,以减少诊断和发病率数据之间的滞后. 这个倡议使用技术和机器学习来实现在诊断后两个月内在年底报告.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 癌症流行病学 癌症流行病学
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 在癌症诊断和发病报告之间存在显著的滞后,这阻碍了对癌症趋势的及时监测.
- 目前的数据提交和报告标准分别涉及22个月和27.5个月的延迟.
- 这种延迟阻碍了评估最近事件对癌症发病率的影响.
研究的目的:
- 描述国家癌症研究所 (NCI) 监测,流行病学和最终结果 (SEER) 计划的战略,以尽量减少报告滞后.
- 实施"实时"癌症报告,定义为在诊断年底后两个月内提交.
主要方法:
- 从电子病理学 (e-path) 报告中快速创建综合瘤病例 (CTC) 的技术的开发.
- 应用统计方法来调整报告延误的发病率.
- 利用机器学习算法来处理非结构化的e-path报告,将其转化为事件报告的基本数据.
主要成果:
- 一项试点研究证实,经过调整后,实时提交的数据与22个月后提交的数据差不多.
- 该SEER计划正在实施一项计划,以快速确定e-path报告并转换为CTC.
- 正在认证注册表进行实时报告,病例在诊断后两个月内提交.
结论:
- 电子报告,自然语言处理和统计方法的进步是实现实时报告的关键.
- 为了调动这些技术和方法改进,SEER计划的协调努力至关重要.
- 实时报告癌症发病率是可以通过综合技术和运营改进实现的目标.
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