概括
高风险的人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 类型16和18导致显著的宫癌. 扩大HPV疫苗接种范围,包括更多类型,并增加参与率,对于消除病毒和实现群体免疫至关重要.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 是导致子宫癌的主要原因,HPV 18 在瑞典占19%的病例,特别是腺癌.
- 高的疫苗接种覆盖率对于消除致癌型HPV型 (如HPV 16,18) 和中等致癌型 (如HPV 31,33,45,52,58) 是必不可少的.
研究的目的:
- 评估HPV疫苗接种策略对宫癌消除的影响.
- 确定必要的疫苗接种覆盖范围,以消除特定的HPV类型.
主要方法:
- 对瑞典1994-1998年出生女性的HPV疫苗接种覆盖率数据的分析.
- 评估当前和拟议的HPV疫苗接种计划的有效性.
主要成果:
- 1994年至1998年出生妇女接种HPV 16和18的补时疫苗只有55%的参与率,不足以消除病毒.
- 预计将实现大约70%的参与针对HPV类型16,18,31,33,45,52和58的疫苗接种,以消除中等致癌类型,并建立对HPV16/18的免疫力.
- 自2021年以来,提供免费疫苗和查的国家项目显示,在高度接种疫苗的群体中,HPV 18病例显著减少.
结论:
- 扩大HPV疫苗接种范围,包括更广泛的致癌类型,并增加参与率,对于预防宫癌至关重要.
- 目前正在进行的国家项目显示了 HPV 消除的有希望的早期结果,表明 HPV 18 迫在眉的灭绝潜力.
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