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在早产婴儿中产后获得的细胞巨乳病毒感染

Karen M Puopolo^1,2,3

¹Division of Neonatology and Clinical Futures, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.

Current opinion in infectious diseases

|August 6, 2024

概括

细胞巨乳病毒 (CMV) 感染对接受母乳的非常早产婴儿构成风险. 需要进一步的研究来平衡CMV风险与母乳养的好处,并指导预防策略.

科学领域:

新生儿医学新生儿医学
传染性疾病传染性疾病
儿科儿科儿科

背景情况:

对于出生时体重非常低,妊娠期较低的婴儿,母亲自己的牛奶提供了显著的好处.
出生于细胞巨乳病毒 (CMV) 血清阳性母亲的婴儿面临着获得产后CMV感染的风险.
产后的CMV感染可以从无症状到严重的,可能致命的疾病.

研究的目的:

审查在非常早产婴儿中产后CMV感染的风险和后果.
讨论CMV感染风险与母乳养的益处之间的平衡.
为了确定CMV预防和治疗这一弱势群体的知识差距.

主要方法:

关于早产婴儿产后CMV感染现有研究的文献综述.
分析CMV感染和早产发病之间的相关报告.
确定当前证据的局限性,包括选择偏差.

主要成果:

产后的CMV感染与支气管肺功能失调症,死性肠球炎和神经发育障碍的风险增加有关.
在案例系列和回顾性队列研究中,证据受到偏差的限制.
人母奶养的健康益处必须与CMV疾病风险进行权衡.

结论:

在了解母乳巴氏杀菌对CMV无活化的有效性方面存在差距.
对感染婴儿的最佳抗病毒治疗策略 (剂量,持续时间) 需要进一步调查.
多中心,前性研究对于确定产后CMV感染的真正负担,并为预防/治疗指南提供信息至关重要.

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