对西藏县垃圾填埋场周围土壤中微量元素的风险评估和来源分析
Dean Meng1, Jiamin Ma1, Wenwu Zhou1
1School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, China.
Environmental monitoring and assessment
|August 6, 2024
概括
在脆弱的青海-西藏高原上的垃圾填埋场将微量元素 (TEs) 释放到土壤中. 虽然风险一般较低,但儿童面临更高的暴露,口服是最大的健康问题.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 地质化学 地质化学
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
背景情况:
- 青海-西藏高原脆弱的生态系统容易受到废物处理造成的损害.
- 垃圾填埋是中国的主要家庭废物管理方法,有许多县有垃圾填埋场.
- 从垃圾填埋场释放的微量元素对环境质量和人类健康构成风险.
研究的目的:
- 评估西藏11个县垃圾填埋场周围的微量元素污染,人类健康风险和来源.
- 通过研究多个代表性垃圾填埋场来减轻潜在的偏见.
- 了解微量元素释放在敏感地区对环境的影响.
主要方法:
- 从西藏11个代表性县的垃圾填埋场收集了76个土壤样本.
- 分析了八种微量元素: (As), (Hg), (Cr),铜 (Cu), (Pb), (Cd), (Ni) 和 (Zn).
- 评估了污染状况,人类健康风险 (致癌和非致癌) 和元素来源.
主要成果:
- 大多数土壤显示温和的微量元素污染;一些垃圾填埋场的污染水平更高,主要是由于 (Cd) 和 (Hg).
- (Hg) 主要源于大气运输,而其他TEs则源于土壤母体物质和基岩气候变化.
- 潜在的人类健康风险一般较低,儿童的风险比成年人更高,主要是通过口服摄入.
结论:
- 西藏垃圾填埋场的微量元素污染令人担忧,特别是Cd和Hg.
- 口服是这些TEs对人类健康风险的主要暴露途径.
- (Ni), (Cr) 和 (As) 的致癌风险最高,而 (As) 的非致癌风险最高.
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