增加的力和弹性能量储存不是在受约束的垂直跳跃过程中提高跳跃性能的机制,而是在突出的偏心负荷下提高跳跃性能
Eric Yung-Sheng Su1,2, Timothy J Carroll1, Dominic J Farris1,3
1School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
PloS one
|August 6, 2024
概括
突出异常负荷 (AEL) 在受约束的跳跃中没有增加地面反应力或跳跃高度. 这表明弹性能量回报不是AEL背后的主要机制.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 人类运动科学 人类运动科学
- 体育表现体育表现体育表现
背景情况:
- 凸显的异常负荷 (AEL) 可能会提高跳跃性能,但潜在的机制仍然不清楚.
- 以前的研究表明,AEL增加了弹性能量储存,可能改善跳跃高度.
- 了解AEL的影响对于优化训练和运动表现至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究在跳跃的反运动阶段隔离负荷是否会增加地面反应力和弹性能量.
- 为了确定这是否会导致更高的跳跃高度或发电.
- 阐明AEL对跳跃表现的影响的主要机制.
主要方法:
- 在一个定制的设备上使用了一个受干约束的垂直跳跃测试来隔离AEL效应.
- 十二名参与者在不同的AEL条件下进行了最大跳跃 (0%,10%,20%,30%的体重).
- 测量了地面反应力,跳跃高度和肌肉激活.
主要成果:
- 在跳跃的转折点上,没有观察到垂直地面反应力的显著变化.
- 较高的AEL负荷 (20%,30%的体重) 导致跳跃高度降低,关节/质量工作中心减少.
- AEL没有改变膝盖延伸肌肉激活水平.
结论:
- 增加弹性能量回报不是AEL对跳跃性能增强效应的主要机制.
- 在受限制的运动中,AEL可能不会增强,甚至可能降低跳跃性能.
- 该研究强调了干部运动和手臂摆动等因素对AEL有效性的重要性.
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