孕产妇的BMI和孕期体重增加是否同样影响婴儿缺氧和创伤事件的风险?
Giuseppe Chiossi1, Riccardo Cuoghi Costantini2, Daniela Menichini1
1Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mother, Division of Obstetrics, Child and Adult, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
PloS one
|August 6, 2024
概括
孕前母亲的BMI和孕期体重增加影响婴儿的死亡率. 怀孕前控制体重是预防新生儿并发症的关键,类似于怀孕期间控制体重增加.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 新生儿健康 新生儿健康
- 孕产妇和胎儿医学 孕产妇和胎儿医学
背景情况:
- 对于妊娠年龄来说小 (SGA) 或大 (LGA) 的婴儿与适合妊娠年龄 (AGA) 的婴儿相比,患病风险增加.
- 孕前母亲的体重指数 (BMI) 和孕期体重增加 (GWG) 影响出生体重类别 (SGA,LGA),但它们对婴儿发病率的直接影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 评估母亲妊娠前的BMI,GWG和婴儿出生体重类别如何影响新生儿发病率.
- 根据母亲怀孕前的BMI和护理开始时的GWG估计婴儿死亡风险.
主要方法:
- 利用安全劳动协会的数据,从12个美国中心进行了一项回顾性队列研究 (2002-2008).
- 用二项逻辑回归分析了37周或之后分娩的单子妊娠.
- 定义的缺氧复合新生儿发病率 (例如,死胎,新生儿重症监护室入院,RDS) 和创伤复合新生儿发病率 (例如,肩膀缩).
主要成果:
- 增加的孕前孕产妇BMI (超重/肥胖) 和过度的GWG与较高的缺氧新生儿发病风险有关.
- 孕产妇肥胖与创伤性死亡率增加相关,而低于建议的GWG降低了这种风险.
- 较高的母体BMI和过度的GWG增加了缺氧事件的风险,而GWG超过建议也增加了创伤性发病风险.
结论:
- 孕前母亲的BMI和GWG同样影响创伤性新生儿发病率.
- 与GWG相比,母亲怀孕前的BMI对低氧新生儿并发症的影响更大.
- 怀孕前体重管理与控制GWG在预防新生儿发病率方面同样有效.
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