基因型以及营养和环境挑战对肉生长曲线动态的影响
Laura Menchetti1, Marco Birolo2, Cecilia Mugnai3
1School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Macerata, Italy.
Poultry science
|August 6, 2024
概括
与商业杂交品种相比,本地品种及其杂交品种表现出更好的适应热应激,低投入饮食和自由放牧的适应能力. 杂交可以提高这些土著基因型的生长性能和弹性.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 遗传学和繁殖 遗传学和繁殖
- 养家禽生产 养家禽生产
背景情况:
- 评估基因型适应环境和营养挑战的适应性,对于可持续的家禽生产至关重要.
- 传统的生长模型可能无法完全捕捉基因型对各种农业条件的特定反应.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较不同基因型在热应激,低投入饮食和自由范围系统下的生长动态.
- 评估Gompertz模型在评估家禽适应挑战条件的能力方面的有效性.
- 在各种农业环境中识别出适应性和生产力的优越基因型.
主要方法:
- 进行了三项体内试验,涉及热应激,低输入饮食和自由范围系统.
- 测试了五种的基因型:两种意大利本地品种 (Bionda Piemontese,Robusta Maculata),它们的交叉品种,以及一种商业杂交品种 (Ross 308).
- 使用基于每周体重测量的Gompertz模型分析了生长曲线.
主要成果:
- 商用杂交 (Ross 308) 在所有具有挑战性的条件下显著减少成人体重和最大生长率.
- 当地品种和杂交品种在热应激和低投入饮食下保持稳定的生长参数.
- 自由放牧条件提高了成年人体重量和本地品种和杂交品种的最大生长率;杂交改善了生长性能.
结论:
- 戈珀茨模型有效地评估了基因型适应环境和营养挑战的适应性.
- 与商业杂交品种相比,意大利本地品种及其杂交品种表现出更大的性和适应能力.
- 杂交是一种可行的策略,可以提高土著种群的生产力和可持续性.
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