自闭症谱系障碍的年龄 诊断和以患者为中心的医疗家庭组件
C A Limbers1, T Zeleznik2, G Beuley2
1Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97334, Waco, TX, 76798, USA. Christine_Limbers@baylor.edu.
Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings
|August 7, 2024
概括
早期诊断自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是至关重要的. 拥有常规的病患护理来源与儿童和青少年早期的自闭症诊断有关,这凸显了它对及时干预的重要性.
科学领域:
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
- 发育儿科 发育儿科
- 医疗保健提供系统
背景情况:
- 早期诊断自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 对于及时干预和改善结果至关重要.
- 患者为中心的医疗家庭 (PCMH) 模式强调协调,可访问和以家庭为中心的护理.
- 关于PCMH组件与ASD诊断年龄之间的关联,研究有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查以患者为中心的医疗家庭 (PCMH) 组件与自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 诊断年龄之间的关系.
- 在分析这种关联时,控制临床和社会人口因素.
- 确定可能促进早期ASD诊断的特定PCMH元素.
主要方法:
- 这是一项采用2020年全国儿童健康调查 (NSCH) 数据的横截面观察性研究.
- 包括1193名17岁及以下自闭症儿童的照顾者.
- 进行了分层多重线性回归分析,以评估PCMH组件与ASD诊断年龄之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 在总体以患者为中心的医疗家庭 (PCMH) 代理变量和自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 诊断年龄 (β = -.08,p < .01) 之间发现了显著的负相关性.
- 在单个PCMH组件中,仅有通常的病人护理来源与早期的ASD诊断有显著的关联 (β = -.11,p < .01).
- 其他PCMH组件,包括个人医生,以家庭为中心的护理,护理协调和转诊访问,与本样本中ASD诊断的年龄没有显著相关.
结论:
- 一个常见的医疗保健来源似乎是儿童和青少年早期实现自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 诊断的关键因素.
- 医疗保健系统应该专注于确保持续获得通常的护理来源,以潜在地加快ASD诊断.
- 需要进一步的研究,以探索通常的护理来源如何影响ASD诊断过程的机制.
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