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相关概念视频

Vaporization01:18

Vaporization

34.6K
The physical form of a substance changes by changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. For vaporization to occur, kinetic energy must be greater than the intermolecular forces that keep molecules bonded. The amount of energy needed to vaporize a quantity of liquid at a given pressure and a constant temperature is called the heat of vaporization. When...
34.6K
Mechanism of heat transfer01:19

Mechanism of heat transfer

1.2K
Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
1.2K
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer

297
Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant...
297
Body Temperature01:25

Body Temperature

928
The body's temperature, measured in degrees, is determined by the balance between heat production and dissipation to the surrounding environment. For instance, if exercising vigorously, the body will produce more heat, causing sweat and dissipating that heat. Despite extreme environmental conditions and physical exertion, the human temperature-control system maintains a constant core body temperature (the temperature of deep tissues, which are the tissues located beneath the skin and other...
928
Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation02:39

Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation

17.5K
The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase...
17.5K
Heating and Cooling Curves02:44

Heating and Cooling Curves

22.8K
When a substance—isolated from its environment—is subjected to heat changes, corresponding changes in temperature and phase of the substance is observed; this is graphically represented by heating and cooling curves.
For instance, the addition of heat raises the temperature of a solid; the amount of heat absorbed depends on the heat capacity of the solid (q = mcsolidΔT). According to thermochemistry, the relation between the amount of heat absorbed or released by a substance, q, and its...
22.8K

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 17, 2025

Effect of Artificial Tear Formulations on the Metabolic Activity of Human Corneal Epithelial Cells after Exposure to Desiccation
06:29

Effect of Artificial Tear Formulations on the Metabolic Activity of Human Corneal Epithelial Cells after Exposure to Desiccation

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局部蒸发式冷却解释了观察到的眼睛表面温度模式.

Young Hyun Kim1,2,3, Joshua Lee2, Sarah M Yi3,4

  • 1Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California - Berkeley, Berkeley California, United States.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
|August 7, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

角膜上局部冷的区域比温暖的区域更快地冷却和蒸发. 这项研究量化了膜蒸发和角膜温度下降中的这些差异.

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Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface
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Establishment of A Mouse Model of Aqueous Deficiency Dry Eye
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相关实验视频

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Effect of Artificial Tear Formulations on the Metabolic Activity of Human Corneal Epithelial Cells after Exposure to Desiccation
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Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface
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Establishment of A Mouse Model of Aqueous Deficiency Dry Eye
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Establishment of A Mouse Model of Aqueous Deficiency Dry Eye

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科学领域:

  • 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
  • 生物物理学的生物物理.
  • 表面科学是一门学科.

背景情况:

  • 角膜表面温度和膜蒸发对于保持眼睛表面健康至关重要.
  • 局部化的撕裂区域 (LCRs) 和未断裂的撕裂膜 (LWRs) 呈现出不同的热特性.
  • 了解这些差异对于诊断和管理干眼疾病至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 在局部冷区 (LCRs) 和局部温暖区 (LWRs) 中量化眼间角膜表面温度下降和眼膜蒸发率.
  • 为了比较LCRs和LWRs之间的这些比率,以及与整个角膜平均表面的比率.
  • 临床证实热性质和膜完整性之间的相关性.

主要方法:

  • 红外热学 (FLIR A655sc) 用于测量角膜表面温度史在4次日间访问.
  • 分析了整体,LCR和LWR地区的温度下降率.
  • 用Dursch等人的物理模型计算了LCR和LWR区域的蒸发率.

主要成果:

  • 与LWR相比,LCR表现出一个统计学上显著的更快的温度下降率 (-0.08°C/s) (P < 0.0001).
  • 蒸发速率在LCR和LWR之间也存在显著差异 (P < 0.0001).
  • 在环境温度下,LCR和LWR蒸发率分别为纯水蒸发流量的76%和27%.

结论:

  • 红外热学成功量化了LCR和LWR之间的温度和蒸发速度的显著差异.
  • 结果证实,与光素分解区域相关的LCRs比LWRs经历了更高的局部蒸发和更快的冷却速度.
  • 这项研究提供了这些现象的第一次临床证实,将脂质层功能与眼睛表面的热力学联系起来.