太空中的考古学:国际空间站上的采样四边形组装研究实验 (SQUARE). 报告1:第03和第05个广场
Justin St P Walsh1,2, Shawn Graham3, Alice C Gorman4
1Department of Art, Chapman University, Orange, CA, United States of America.
PloS one
|August 7, 2024
概括
宇航员在国际空间站 (ISS) 上进行了第一个太空考古实验,即采样四边形组合研究实验 (SQUARE). 该研究通过分析物质文化,揭示了空间站设施的计划和实际使用之间的差异.
科学领域:
- 太空考古学空间考古学
- 人类对太空环境的适应.
- 社会科学在太空探索中的作用
背景情况:
- 国际空间站 (ISS) 为研究人类行为和适应提供了一个独特的环境.
- 了解人类如何与他们在太空中的物质文化互动,对于长期任务至关重要.
- 之前的研究还没有利用考古方法来分析空间站环境.
研究的目的:
- 通过物质文化,对人类通过物质文化适应外星环境的新理解.
- 发现国际空间站设施的计划和实际使用之间的差异.
- 测试远程考古研究技术,并证明社会科学在太空中的价值.
主要方法:
- 采样四边形组合研究实验 (SQUARE) 适应了考古学测试坑方法.
- 国际空间站的船员建立了六个采样地点 ("广场"),并在60天内通过每日摄影记录它们.
- 使用网络工具分析了5438个拍摄的物品,并根据类型和功能对它们进行了分类,以便进行时间分析.
主要成果:
- 对两个Square地点 (设备维护和附近的运动/所设施) 的分析显示,预期和实际使用之间存在显著差异.
- 设备维护区域主要用于存储.
- 运动和废物设施附近的区域主要用于个人卫生活动.
结论:
- 适用于远程应用的考古方法可以有效地分析人类行为和空间设施的使用情况.
- 材料文化及其空间分布为宇航员的生活经验提供了洞察力.
- 研究结果强调,在设计和管理空间息地时,需要考虑实际的使用模式.
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