转化生长因子-β微环境介导的免疫细胞功能在宫癌
Jayapradha Gnanagurusamy1, Sneha Krishnamoorthy1, Sridhar Muthusami2
1Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641 021, Tamil Nadu, India.
International immunopharmacology
|August 7, 2024
概括
人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 感染可能导致宫癌 (CC),当免疫监测受损时. 转化生长因子-β (TGF-β) 在调节免疫细胞和HPV逃避方面发挥着复杂的作用,影响了CC的发展和治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 感染个体的宫癌 (CC) 发展与免疫功能障碍有关.
- 在瘤微环境 (TME) 中对HPV的免疫监测对于CC的建立至关重要,并通过转化生长因子-β (TGF-β) 进行调节.
研究的目的:
- 审查TGF-β在HPV感染和CC进展中的复杂作用.
- 总结免疫细胞相互作用,HPV逃避机制,以及潜在的异位生物标志物和标.
- 探索用于CC管理的TGF-β向疗法.
主要方法:
- 关于免疫细胞处理HPV和TGF-β调节的文献综述.
- 在TME中分析HPV逃避策略.
- 编制CC生物标志物和免疫检查点用于theranostics.
- 总结TGF-β对CC细胞和免疫相互作用的直接影响.
- 整理当前的TGF-β向治疗策略.
主要成果:
- 通过SMAD依赖和独立的途径,TGF-β信号传递复杂地调节TME中的免疫细胞 (T淋巴细胞,B淋巴细胞,NK细胞,DCs,单细胞,巨细胞,MDSC).
- HPV 采用特定的机制来规避免疫监测,由TGF-β 促进.
- 生物标志物和免疫检查点被确定为潜在的治疗应用.
- TGF-β直接影响CC细胞和瘤免疫细胞交叉交互.
结论:
- 了解TGF-β在HPV诱导的CC中的多方面的作用,对于开发有效的免疫疗法至关重要.
- 通过各种治疗方式向TGF-β,包括小分子抑制剂,单克隆抗体和CAR T细胞,对CC管理有希望.
- 对免疫检查点和生物标志物的进一步研究可以增强针对子宫癌的基于免疫的治疗方法.
相关概念视频
The Tumor Microenvironment
6.6K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
6.6K
TGF - β Signaling Pathway
7.3K
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
7.3K
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle
6.4K
Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
6.4K
Tumor Immunotherapy
497
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
497
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
861
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
861
T Cell Types and Functions
966
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
966


