[日本职业体力活动强度的长期趋势]
Ayaka Fujitani1, Masamitsu Kamada2
1Department of Health and Social Behavior, School of Integrated Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo.
[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health
|August 7, 2024
概括
在过去的70年里,日本工人从事了不那么体力苛刻的工作. 职业体力活动 (PA) 强度显著下降,中等强度角色的显著下降.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 身体不活动是全球重要的健康问题.
- 关于职业体力活动 (PA) 长期趋势的定量数据很少,特别是在日本.
- 对于许多人来说,职业PA构成了每日PA总量的最大部分.
研究的目的:
- 估计1953年至2022年日本职业PA强度的长期趋势.
- 分析不同PA强度类别的工人患病率的变化.
- 评估七十年来与职业相关的每年平均代谢等价物 (MET).
主要方法:
- 使用的日本劳动力调查数据,对工人按职业分布的数据.
- 根据已确定的方法,为329个职业分配了代谢等价物 (MET).
- 将职业重新分类为久坐 (≤1.5 MET),轻 (1.6-2.9 MET) 和中等 (≥3 MET) 类别.
主要成果:
- 从1953年到2022年,中等强度职业的显著下降和久坐和轻强度职业的增加被观察到.
- 在70年的研究期间,与职业相关的平均MET显示持续下降.
- 在1962年至2010年期间,职业相关平均METs (从2.60至2.35) 减少了9.6%.
结论:
- 在过去的70年里,日本的职业趋向于较低的体力活动强度.
- 所有职业的PA强度平均下降了至少十分之一.
- 由于社会自动化,职业PA强度的实际下降可能被低估.
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