运动训练对高血压患者心率变化的影响:系统性审查和元分析
Yuxiao Deng1, Xianxiang Zeng1, Chunxue Tang1
1Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, P. R. China.
Journal of sports sciences
|August 8, 2024
概括
运动训练可以改善心率变化 (HRV),并降低高血压患者的血压. 建议监督有氧运动 (AE) 至少4周,以获得更好的结果.
科学领域:
- 心血管生理学心血管生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学
- 自主神经系统功能 自主神经系统功能
背景情况:
- 高血压是一种与自主功能障碍相关的全球健康问题.
- 心率变化 (HRV) 是自主神经系统 (ANS) 活动的非侵入性标志物.
- 运动训练对高血压患者HRV的影响需要全面评估.
研究的目的:
- 评估运动训练对高血压患者HRV的影响.
- 为高血压管理中运动干预提供基于证据的建议.
- 为了比较有氧运动 (AE) 与阻力运动 (RE) 在HRV和血压上的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在七个数据库中对随机对照试验 (RCT) 进行系统的文献搜索.
- 从包含的RCT中对HRV参数,血压 (BP) 和心率 (HR) 的元分析.
- 敏感性分析,分分析和元回归来探索异质性和干预效应.
主要成果:
- 运动训练显著改善了HRV指数,包括连续RR间隔差异 (RMSSD) 和高频 (HF) 的平方根平均值.
- 运动训练导致LF/HF比率,静止系统血压 (SBP) 和心率 (HR) 的降低.
- 与阻力运动 (RE) 相比,有氧运动 (AE) 显示了HRV的优异改善和更大的血压降低;较长的随访持续时间 (≥4周) 更有效.
结论:
- 运动训练对高血压患者的HRV,静止SBP和HR产生有益影响,表明增强了ANS功能和阴道活动.
- 监督有氧运动 (AE) 似乎是改善HRV和降低该人口血压的更有效的干预措施.
- 建议至少持续4周的运动干预措施,通过改善自主功能来管理高血压的最佳益处.
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