[免疫检查点抑制剂的副作用:诊断和管理 - 一个更新]
Carolin Ertl1, Dirk Tomsitz2, Najib Ben Khaled3
1Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, LMU Klinikum, LMU München, München, Deutschland. Carolin.ertl@med.uni-muenchen.de.
Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany)
|August 8, 2024
概括
免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 提供了显著的癌症治疗益处,但可能导致与免疫相关的不良事件 (irAE). 早期诊断和管理对于患者的结果至关重要,尽管对严重的irAE进行最佳治疗仍然具有挑战性.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
背景情况:
- 免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 是癌症治疗的一个重大进步,已被批准用于各种瘤类型和治疗环境.
- 扩大ICI的使用导致了与免疫相关的不良事件 (irAE) 的增加,从常见的皮肤和胃肠道问题到更罕见但严重的疾病,如肺炎和心肌炎.
研究的目的:
- 要突出与ICI治疗相关的irAE的发病率和复杂性的增加.
- 强调需要提高医疗专业对irAE的认识和改进管理策略.
主要方法:
- 关于ICI和相关的irAE的当前文献的审查.
- 分析常见和不太常见的irAE,包括它们的临床表现和潜在的严重程度.
- 讨论当前的治疗方法,包括皮质类固醇和免疫抑制剂.
主要成果:
- ICI治疗与一系列的irAE有关,皮肤,胃肠道和内分泌irAE是最常见的.
- 不太常见但严重的irAE包括肺炎,炎,心肌炎和神经反应.
- 虽然许多irAE是可以管理的,但耐固醇或依赖性病例带来了重大挑战,有可能导致长期后果或死亡.
结论:
- 有效地管理irAE对于ICI在癌症治疗中的成功应用至关重要.
- 管理类固醇耐药或依赖性irAE的最佳策略需要进一步调查.
- 跨学科的意识和合作对于早期诊断和改善患者在irAE管理中的结果至关重要.
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