同理心和自闭症:在自闭症患者中建立同理心的结构和不同表现,使用珀斯同理心量表
Jack D Brett1, David A Preece2,3, Rodrigo Becerra2
1The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. jack.brett@research.uwa.edu.au.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|August 8, 2024
概括
自闭症患者表现出类似的同理心结构,但报告认知和情感同理心减少,具有显著的个体差异. 珀斯同理心量表是自闭症和同理心研究的有效衡量标准.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 自闭症研究 自闭症研究
背景情况:
- 自闭症经常被误认为是同情心减少或不存在.
- 现有的关于自闭症和同情心的研究可能会受到测量问题的影响.
- 自闭症人口中的同情心的精确结构仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 检查自闭症和非自闭症个体的珀斯同情度量 (PES) 的结构和心理特征.
- 为了澄清自闭症中的同情心的性质.
- 调查自闭症和非自闭症人口之间的潜在差异和相似之处.
主要方法:
- 利用调节的非线性因子分析来评估同情心结构.
- 在一批自闭症 (N=239) 和非自闭症 (N=690) 个体的样本中,比较了Perth Empathy Scale (PES) 的心理测量特性.
- 评估对积极和消极情绪的认知和情感同理心.
主要成果:
- 多维同理心构造在自闭症和非自闭症个体中具有类似的结构.
- 在这两个群体中,PES表现出良好的有效性和可靠性.
- 自闭症患者报告说,他们对积极和消极情绪的认知同情感较低,情感同情感也较低.
- 在自闭症样本中观察到更多的同情倾向的异质性.
结论:
- 珀斯同情度量 (PES) 是评估自闭症和非自闭症个体同情心的合适工具.
- 这些发现提供了对自闭症同情心的更细致的理解.
- 介绍了"自闭症的同理心异质假说"来描述自闭症个体的同理心变化.
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