海洋保护区在保护重要迁徙大动物息地的有效性
Xuelei Zhang1, Emma L Carroll2, Rochelle Constantine3
1Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland/Waipapa Taumata Rau, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
Journal of environmental management
|August 8, 2024
概括
新西兰海洋保护区 (MPA) 对南方公 (SRW) 的有效性尚不清楚. 遥测数据揭示了海洋保护区内未受保护的关键息地和持续的船舶威胁,突出了适应性保护策略的必要性.
科学领域:
- 海洋保护 海洋保护
- 野生动物生态生态学
- 海洋学 海洋学 海洋学
背景情况:
- 海洋保护区 (MPA) 对海洋生物保护至关重要,但它们的有效性往往没有得到评估.
- 澳大利亚/新西兰的南方公 (SRWs) 正在从捕中恢复,南极岛屿的关键息地受到MPA保护.
- 评估MPA对SRW等动态物种的有效性,特别是关于船舶交通,对于人口恢复至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估MPA对新西兰的南方公 (SRWs) 的有效性.
- 确定关键的SRW息地,并评估与现有海洋保护区内外的船舶交通的重叠.
- 为SRW恢复的未来保护战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 对奥克兰群岛29个标记SRW (2009-2022) 的遥测数据的分析.
- 识别重要的鱼行为 (食,社交,休息) 和相关息地.
- 将SRW位置与船舶跟踪数据 (2020-2022) 集成,以评估时空空间重叠.
主要成果:
- 确定了两个以前未知的,未受保护的关键SRW息地区域.
- 在SRW和船只之间发现了显著的时空重叠 在繁殖季节期间,在几个MPA内发现SRW和船只.
- 即使在指定保护区内,SRW仍然容易受到人类造成的压力因素的影响,包括船舶交通.
结论:
- 当前的海洋保护区可能不完全涵盖关键的SRW息地或充分减轻与船舶有关的威胁.
- 建议优先考虑新的监测和保护区域,以支持SRW恢复.
- 实施后对MPA有效性的评估至关重要,特别是在气候变化的背景下.
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