与肠道微生物特征相关的实证饮食模式与结肠直肠癌风险相关
Kai Wang1, Chun-Han Lo2, Raaj S Mehta3
1Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
一种特定的饮食模式,CRC微生物饮食评分 (CMDS),以加工食品和低纤维为特征,增加结直肠癌 (CRC) 风险. 这种关联对于具有特定细菌标记物,如Fusobacterium nucleatum的CRC瘤尤其强烈.
科学领域:
- 微生物组研究的研究.
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
背景情况:
- 有限的流行病学数据存在于饮食在结肠直肠癌 (CRC) 风险中的作用通过肠道微生物组.
- 了解这种联系对于制定有针对性的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述和验证与CRC相关的肠道微生物特征相关的性别特异性饮食模式 (CRC微生物饮食得分 (CMDS)).
- 评估CMDS与CRC风险的关联,考虑瘤组织中的特定微生物标记物.
主要方法:
- 来自519个人的便元基因组和饮食数据被用来开发CMDS.
- 考克斯比例危险回归被应用于来自259,200名参与者的三大前性队列 (卫生专业人员随访研究,护士健康研究I和II) 的数据.
- 评估了CMDS和CRC风险之间的关联,按瘤状况分层对*Fusobacterium nucleatum*,pks+ *Escherichia coli*和肠毒性*Bacteroides fragilis*进行了分层.
主要成果:
- 由加工食品的高摄入量和纤维丰富食品的低摄入量定义的CMDS与显著更高的CRC风险相关 (HRQ5 vs Q1=1.25).
- 这种关联甚至在调整为西方和谨慎饮食等既定饮食模式后也持续存在.
- 与CMDS相关的CRC风险在*F.核*阳性 (HRQ5与Q1 = 2.51),pks+ *E.大肠杆菌*阳性 (HRQ5与Q1 = 1.68) 和肠毒性*B.fragilis*阳性瘤的情况下显著更强.
结论:
- CMDS与结直肠癌的风险增加有关.
- 这种风险对于含有*F. nucleatum*,pks+ *E. coli*或肠毒性*B. fragilis*的CRC瘤特别高.
- 这些发现表明,肠道微生物组在调解饮食和CRC发展之间的关系方面发挥着作用.
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