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相关概念视频

Caspases01:24

Caspases

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Caspase, a family of cysteine proteases, serve as effectors in apoptosis. The ced3 gene in C.elegans was first identified to be involved in apoptosis. This gene encodes the ced-3 caspase that is similar to the interleukin-1-beta converting enzyme or ICE in mammals. In addition to apoptosis, caspases also function in the inflammatory response. Inflammatory caspases are essential in activating pro-inflammatory cytokines that recruit immune cells and block the replication of pathogens inside...
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Seed Structure and Early Development of the Sporophyte02:33

Seed Structure and Early Development of the Sporophyte

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Seed structures are composed of a protective seed coat surrounding a plant embryo, and a food store for the developing embryo. The embryo contains the precursor tissues for leaves, stem, and roots. The endosperm and cotyledons—seed leaves—act as the food reserves for the growing embryo.
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The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint02:19

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

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The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
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Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss01:57

Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss

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Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
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C4 Pathway and CAM01:27

C4 Pathway and CAM

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Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 17, 2025

A Seed Coat Bedding Assay to Genetically Explore In Vitro How the Endosperm Controls Seed Germination in Arabidopsis thaliana
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种子的长寿是由metacaspases控制的.

Chen Liu1,2,3,4, Ioannis H Hatzianestis2,3, Thorsten Pfirrmann5

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China.

Nature communications
|August 8, 2024
PubMed
概括

植物种子通过蛋白质平衡调整来实现长寿. 甲酶II蛋白酶调节CDC48的局部化,这对于丢弃错误折叠的蛋白质和确保在休眠期间的种子存活至关重要.

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Preparation of Intact Tissue for Microscopic Analysis of the Endosperm Cell Layer in Developing and Mature Arabidopsis Seeds
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Preparation of Intact Tissue for Microscopic Analysis of the Endosperm Cell Layer in Developing and Mature Arabidopsis Seeds

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Reliable Method for Assessing Seed Germination, Dormancy, and Mortality under Field Conditions
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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2025

A Seed Coat Bedding Assay to Genetically Explore In Vitro How the Endosperm Controls Seed Germination in Arabidopsis thaliana
08:52

A Seed Coat Bedding Assay to Genetically Explore In Vitro How the Endosperm Controls Seed Germination in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Preparation of Intact Tissue for Microscopic Analysis of the Endosperm Cell Layer in Developing and Mature Arabidopsis Seeds
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Published on: May 16, 2025

183
Reliable Method for Assessing Seed Germination, Dormancy, and Mortality under Field Conditions
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科学领域:

  • 植物生物学 植物生物学
  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • 种子的寿命对于生存至关重要,并且依赖于在休眠期间维持蛋白质平衡 (蛋白质平衡).
  • 在静止种子中调节蛋白质静止的精确机制在很大程度上是未知的.

研究的目的:

  • 研究II型甲酶 (MCA-II) 蛋白酶在种子蛋白质稳定和寿命中的作用.
  • 阐明将MCA-II蛋白酶,CDC48和种子中的蛋白质降解联系在一起的分子机制.

主要方法:

  • 分析了缺乏所有六个MCA-II蛋白酶的Arabidopsis thaliana遗传突变.
  • 评估了种子蛋白质稳定,CDC48在内分泌网膜 (ER) 的定位,以及脂质滴滴动态.
  • 研究了MCA-II蛋白酶,PUX10和CDC48之间的相互作用.

主要成果:

  • MCA-II突变种子表现出受损的蛋白质稳定,并且未能限制ER中的CDC48因错误折叠的蛋白质清除而受到限制.
  • 疾病预防控制中心48的内质网膜局部化取决于MCA-II介导的适应蛋白PUX10.10的裂变.
  • 失去MCA-II功能导致PUX10水平发生变化,部分恢复蛋白质稳定并延长种子的寿命.

结论:

  • 确定了一种涉及MCA-II蛋白酶,PUX10和CDC48的新型蛋白质分解模块.
  • 这个模块调节了时空蛋白解,脂质滴滴动力学和蛋白质稳态,赋予了种子的长寿.
  • 了解这些机制为增强种子储存和生存能力提供了潜在的策略.