细胞因子风暴和败血症诱导的多器官功能障碍综合征
Joseph A Carcillo1, Bita Shakoory2
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. carcilloja@ccm.upmc.edu.
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
|August 8, 2024
概括
了解血细胞淋巴细胞瘤瘤 (HLH) 的不同原因对于治疗至关重要. 主要HLH涉及遗传缺陷,而次要HLH和败血症相关的MAS源于各种触发因素和免疫功能障碍.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
背景情况:
- 家庭/原发性HLH (pHLH),二次HLH (sHLH) 和败血症引起的多器官功能障碍综合征 (MODS) 具有共同的临床特征,但在病理生物学上有所不同.
- pHLH涉及NK细胞或CD8+T细胞的遗传缺陷,导致干扰素马 (IFN-γ) 驱动的过度炎症.
- 二次性HLH和与败血症相关的MAS存在不同程度的细胞分解功能障碍,受触发因素和并发症的影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了区分pHLH,sHLH和与败血症相关的MAS的病理生物学.
- 根据不同的潜在机制,为治疗决策提供信息.
- 突出突出SHLH/MAS的治疗策略的发展.
主要方法:
- 对HLH亚型的临床特征和病理生物学进行审查.
- 对pHLH遗传损伤的分析.
- 检查与败血症相关的MAS中的免疫反应,包括T细胞和NK细胞动态.
主要成果:
- 在pHLH的遗传缺陷导致IFN-γ诱导的高炎症,可用etoposide或epapalumab治疗.
- sHLH/MAS治疗越来越多地根据特定的触发因素和患者因素进行量身定制.
- 败血症相关的MAS涉及由于长时间的先天性免疫反应而引起的炎症酶激活,对源控制和免疫调节疗法作出反应.
结论:
- 独特的病理生物学需要为HLH亚型量身定制的治疗方法.
- 埃马帕卢马布为pHLH提供了一个移植桥梁.
- 与败血症相关的MAS管理侧重于源控制和特定免疫疗法,如IVIg和IL-1Ra.
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