在节点阳性乳腺癌中,以21基因表达试验为指导的遗漏化疗对人口水平的影响:一个模拟建模研究
Kaitlyn M Wojcik1, Jennifer L Caswell-Jin2, Oliver W A Wilson1
1Health Equity and Decision Sciences Laboratory, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
BMC cancer
|August 8, 2024
概括
化疗对患有乳腺癌早期阶段的绝经前妇女有很小的益处,但对于绝经后妇女却没有. 这项研究模拟了不同人群的现实结果,以告知治疗决策.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
背景情况:
- 最近的一项试验表明,患有特定早期乳腺癌的绝经后妇女 (激素受体阳性,HER2阴性,淋巴结阳性,21基因复发得分≤25) 可以避免化疗.
- 有限的现实世界数据存在于不同患者群体中遗漏化疗的长期结果.
研究的目的:
- 在早期乳腺癌患者中,遗漏化疗的长期结果以人口水平为模型.
- 评估不同人口群体对远程无复发生存,寿命和质量调整寿命 (QALYs) 的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用美国癌症注册,元分析和临床试验数据,调整了一种既有模拟模型.
- 该模型评估了化学疗法缺失对绝经前和绝经后妇女10年结果的影响,并按种族和种族分层.
- 模型验证是使用RxPONDER试验数据进行的.
主要成果:
- 绝经前妇女在使用化学内分泌疗法与单独使用内分泌疗法时,远程10年无复发生存率高5.2% (85.3%与80.1%对比).
- 化疗在绝经前妇女中提供了约2.1年的寿命和0.6个QALY;在绝经后妇女中没有观察到任何益处.
- 绝对化疗效益在种族/族裔子组之间是一致的,尽管生存率和QALYs各不相同.
结论:
- 人口级建模表明,化疗对绝经前妇女有适度的益处,但对于患有类似早期乳腺癌的绝经后妇女没有任何益处.
- 模拟建模是将临床试验结果扩展到不同人群和评估现实世界结果的宝贵工具.
相关概念视频
Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.5K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.5K
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
4.9K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
4.9K


