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南非的额头鼻腔大小 石器时代晚期全新纪 Khoe-San
Frederick E Grine1,2, Nicholas W Post3, Victoria Greening4
1Department of Anthropology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.
Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)
|August 9, 2024
概括
科伊-桑人群的额头鼻大小小小,并非性二态. 这种古老的特征可能是非洲早期智人 (Homo sapiens) 的保留特征.
科学领域:
- 古人类学古人类学.
- 生物考古学的生物考古学
- 法医人类学 法医人类学
背景情况:
- 在撒哈拉以南非洲人口中,额头鼻大小的变化记录很少.
- 科伊-桑人代表了Homo sapiens的古老血统,与早期的分歧.
- 了解额头鼻腔形态,可以了解人类人口的历史和适应.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估 Khoe-San 骨遗骸中额头鼻大小的变化.
- 为了确定额头鼻腔大小是否在这个人群中具有性二态性.
- 为了比较Khoe-San的额头鼻腔大小与其他全球和古代种群.
主要方法:
- 用计算机断层扫描 (CT) 扫描来确定额头鼻体积.
- 分析包括来自南非后石器时代背景的102个成年科伊-桑头骨.
- 在82个头骨上进行了性别估计.
主要成果:
- 在Khoe-San样本中,没有发现前额鼻腔体积具有性二态性.
- 科伊-桑的个体在全球范围内表现出最小的额头鼻腔体积.
- 鼻腔无形成缺失,与其他撒哈拉以南地区和全球人口的低发病率一致.
结论:
- 科伊-桑人拥有微小的额头鼻腔,比班图语人口小,但类似于苏丹人群.
- 小的额头鼻腔大小可能是一个保留的祖先特征从中期普莱斯托时代的智人,正如霍夫梅尔头骨所建议的那样.
- 这一发现有助于理解非洲智人 (Homo sapiens) 的深层历史和进化模式.
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