茎状特征促进小麦的气候适应性
Simeon Ntawuguranayo1,2, Michael Zilberberg1,2, Kamal Nashef2
1The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
Frontiers in plant science
|August 9, 2024
概括
选择小麦以更强的茎和更高的水溶性碳水化合物 (WSC) 可以在压力下提高谷物产量. 容易测量的干部特征可以帮助性作物的育种.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物生理学 植物生理学
- 农作物科学 农作物科学
背景情况:
- 小麦谷物填充受干特征和碳水化合物再动员的影响,特别是在压力下.
- 存储在茎中的水溶性碳水化合物 (WSC) 对于在解后压力期间保持谷物产量至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在各种压力条件下识别与水溶性碳水化合物 (WSC) 积累和小麦的谷物产量相关的特定茎状特征.
- 评估干状特征的潜力,作为提高耐压力的小麦品种育种的选择标准.
主要方法:
- 根据茎的特征 (WSC含量,茎直径,脚长度,茎壁宽度) 进行多样化的春小麦线面板的表型化.
- 在墨西哥和以色列,在供水良好,水量有限,热量和极端干旱压力条件下的评估线路.
主要成果:
- 环境压力显著降低了谷物产量,并改变了干部特征,如内部节点直径和脚长度.
- 茎 WSC 含量通常在标题后 3-4 周达到峰值,在水限和干旱条件下最高值.
- 增加对茎直径和脚长度的投资与茎WSC,谷物产量和核重有积极的相关性,没有观察到任何权衡.
结论:
- 选择具有较大的干结构生物量和WSC积累/重新调动的基因型是一种可行的策略,可以在不牺牲产量潜力的情况下减轻压力诱导的谷粒大小减少.
- 简单的,可测量的茎代理物,如茎直径和脚长度,可以提高抗压小麦的繁殖效率.
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