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全民免费学校用餐和学校和学生的成绩:一个系统的审查

Maureen K Spill¹, Rupal Trivedi¹, Rachel C Thoerig¹

¹Texas A&M Agriculture, Food & Nutrition Evidence Center, Fort Worth.

JAMA network open

|August 9, 2024

概括

全民免费学校午餐 (UFSMs) 增加了餐点参与,减少了肥胖和停课,午餐参与的确定性中等. 需要对饮食质量和粮食安全进行更多研究.

科学领域:

公共卫生公共卫生
营养科学营养科学
教育政策教育政策

背景情况:

白宫关于饥饿,营养和健康的国家战略倡导普遍免费学校用餐 (UFSMs).
UFSMs旨在解决粮食不安全问题,并改善学生的福祉.
美国UFSM的扩张在美国引发了重大的公共和政策辩论.

研究的目的:

系统地审查UFSM课程与各种学校和学生成果之间的关联.
评估全民免费学校用餐 (UFSMs) 对参与,出席和健康指标的影响.
评估美国学校的社区资格规定 (CEP) 等计划的证据.

主要方法:

采用了由专家小组告知的系统审查协议.
包括的研究比较了美国学校的UFSM课程 (例如,CEP) 与非UFSM课程 (2012-2023,不包括2020-2021).
在多个数据库 (Medline,ERIC等) 中进行搜索. 确定了6项研究,提取了数据,并评估了偏差风险.

主要成果:

全民免费学校午餐 (UFSMs) 与午餐和早餐参与率的增加有关 (确定性中等至非常低).
学校上学率没有变化或略有改善 (确定性低).
肥胖患病率和停学率下降 (确定性非常低).

结论:

UFSMs与增加的饮食参与和减少肥胖和暂停有关,尽管证据的确定性各不相同.
学校出勤率的改善是微不足道的.
关于饮食质量和粮食安全的研究存在差距,强调需要进一步进行高质量的研究.

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