混合免疫能增加了免疫力低下的个体对COVID-19的跨变体保护
Amy May Lin Quek1, Suqing Wang2, Ooiean Teng2
1Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore.
The Journal of infection
|August 9, 2024
概括
混合免疫,结合疫苗接种和感染,提供强大的COVID-19保护,特别是对于免疫力低下的人. 这种方法增强了针对SARS-CoV-2变种的中和抗体反应.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 对SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种和感染的免疫反应在个体之间有很大差异.
- 了解这些差异对于高风险人群至关重要.
- 这项研究重点关注影响疫苗诱导免疫力对抗SARS-CoV-2变种的因素.
研究的目的:
- 调查影响疫苗诱导交叉变异血清免疫力的关键途径.
- 为了比较高风险个体 (自身免疫性疾病,慢性并发症) 的免疫反应与健康对照.
- 评估混合免疫与感染诱导免疫的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析了针对SARS-CoV-2野生型和变种 (Beta,Gamma,Delta,Omicron) 的中和抗体.
- 在自免疫性疾病,慢性并发症和健康对照患者的抗体水平评估,疫苗接种后长达12个月 (BNT162b2或mRNA-1273).
- 将混合免疫与未接种疫苗的感染个体进行比较,并分析了血细胞因子和T细胞子集.
主要成果:
- 与多病症和健康组相比,自身免疫性疾病患者的抗体产生较低.
- 光学神经炎和mycophenolate治疗是较差抗体反应的显著预测因素.
- 相比于未感染的个体,混合免疫导致在补充疫苗接种后的抗体水平更高.
- 在三角洲疫情爆发期间感染的个体对Omicron产生了交叉保护性抗体.
- 未接种疫苗的野生型感染个体对多种变异的中和抗体水平较低.
结论:
- 混合免疫力提供了强大的防护COVID-19,特别是在免疫力低下的个体.
- 了解免疫反应变异是优化疫苗接种策略的关键.
- 接种后的T细胞子集可能在调节抗体生产方面发挥作用.
相关概念视频
Cross-reactivity
31.0K
Overview
31.0K
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
766
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
766
Vaccinations
44.2K
Overview
44.2K
Immunological Memory
567
Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
567
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
11.5K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
11.5K
Active versus Passive Immunity
607
Immunity, along with the ability to limit pathogen growth to prevent significant body tissue damage, can be gained either by (1) actively developing an immune response within the individual after exposure to a pathogen or after getting vaccinated or (2) passively transferring immune components from an immune individual to one who is nonimmune. Both these forms of immunity can be found naturally and in medical practices.
Active Immunity
Active immunity refers to the resistance one develops...
Active Immunity
Active immunity refers to the resistance one develops...
607


