其他特定的偏爱性障碍:在性暴力掠食者评估中的使用模式
Nicole Graham1,2, Cynthia Calkins2, Elizabeth Jeglic2
1Private Practitioner, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.
Sexual abuse : a journal of research and treatment
|August 9, 2024
概括
DSM-5的修订影响了性暴力掠夺者评估中的诊断. 其他特定的偏爱性障碍 (OSPD) 是常见的,但诊断可靠性差,具体不清楚.
科学领域:
- 法医心理学 法医心理学
- 精神病学诊断 精神病学诊断
- 法律精神病学 法律精神病学
背景情况:
- 性暴力掠夺者 (SVP) 立法要求精神异常导致难以控制性行为.
- 在SVP评估中,非其他指定类型 (NOS) 偏偏偏偏偏偏偏偏偏是常见的诊断.
- "DSM-5"修订了 paraphilia NOS,将其分为其他指定的类人性障碍 (OSPD) 和未指定的类人性障碍,需要对OSPD进行说明.
研究的目的:
- 在SVP评估中探索DSM-5修订后的类人性障碍的频率和诊断可靠性.
- 检查DSM-5变化对民事承诺程序中的诊断的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析了190名成年男性的诊断数据,这些成年男性被评估为SVP民事承诺.
- 使用DSM-5标准来诊断类型障碍.
- 评估OSPD诊断的评估者之间的可靠性.
主要成果:
- 其他特定的偏爱障碍 (OSPD) 是第二常见的偏爱障碍,仅次于恋童癖障碍.
- 对于OSPD诊断的评价者间一致性是差到公平的 (kappa = 0.21).
- 最常见的OSPD规范者是非同意和hebephilia,尽管它们在DSM-5中的地位有争议,但使用了不同的术语.
结论:
- DSM-5的修订导致OSPD在SVP评估中成为一个频繁的诊断,但存在重大可靠性问题.
- 模糊的诊断趋势和有争议的特异性的使用引发了对这些诊断的有效性的担忧.
- 可靠和有效的诊断实践对于SVP的承诺至关重要,因为其在精神异常的宪法基础上.
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