烟雾和火灾季节:在野火发生之前,期间和之后,为提高卫生系统的性能做好准备
Attila J Hertelendy1, Courtney Howard2, Cecilia Sorensen3
1Department of Information Systems and Business Analytics, College of Business, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA; Disaster Medicine Fellowship, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
The Lancet. Planetary health
|August 9, 2024
概括
野火越来越多地威胁着全球的健康和卫生系统. 本综述概述了野火准备,应对和恢复的基本卫生系统策略,以改善人口健康结果.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 灾难医学 灾难医学
背景情况:
- 野火的频率,强度和持续时间都在增加,造成了严重的直接和烟雾相关的健康危害.
- 现有的卫生系统的准备和应对受到培训缺口,纪律隔离,资金短缺和政府间协调不足的阻碍.
研究的目的:
- 突出对野火的关键健康和卫生系统考虑因素.
- 概述一个全面的卫生系统应对野火事件的响应框架.
- 告知领导人和卫生专业人员关于积极规划和资金用于野火抵御能力.
主要方法:
- 本综述综合了野火对健康和卫生系统影响的信息.
- 它考察了气候适应性医疗保健和灾害管理框架的共同点.
- 提出了一种综合方法,解决融资,治理,劳动力和交付问题.
主要成果:
- 野火的影响超出了直接暴露的范围,影响了广大地区的空气质量和心理健康.
- 有效应对需要综合战略,包括应急管理,国际政策和金融.
- 跨多个治理层面和学科的协调方法至关重要.
结论:
- 积极的规划,创新和跨学科协调对于卫生系统管理野火风险至关重要.
- 加强卫生系统的弹性需要解决融资,领导力,劳动力,基础设施和社区参与问题.
- 本综述作为一个实用指南,并呼吁采取行动,加强野火准备和应对.
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