与不完整的结核病预防治疗相关的因素:对柬埔寨六年计划数据的回顾性分析
Yom An1,2, Kim Eam Khun3,4
1School of Public Health, National Institute of Public Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. anyomniph@gmail.com.
Scientific reports
|August 9, 2024
概括
在柬埔寨,结核病预防治疗 (TPT) 的未完成率很低 (2.1%) . 较年轻的成年人 (15-34岁) 和在转诊医院开始治疗的人更有可能没有完成TPT,突出了改善随访的领域.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 全球健康 全球健康
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 预防性治疗 (TPT) 对于防止潜伏结核病感染 (LTBI) 进展为活跃结核病至关重要.
- 了解TPT完成率和相关因素对于有效的结核病控制策略至关重要.
- 来自柬埔寨的程序数据提供了对现实世界TPT实施挑战的见解.
研究的目的:
- 确定与柬埔寨TPT未完成相关的因素.
- 分析2018-2023年的程序数据,以了解TPT完成趋势.
- 为改善TPT遵守和结果的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 来自柬埔寨结核病管理信息系统 (TB-MIS) 的6年计划数据 (2018-2023) 的回顾性分析.
- 包括14262名针对潜伏性结核病感染 (LTBI) 开始TPT的个人.
- 统计分析以确定与TPT未完成相关的因素,包括年龄,治疗方案和治疗开始地点.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,TPT未完成率为2.1% (14,262人中有299人).
- 年龄在15-24岁 (aOR=1.7) 和25-34岁 (aOR=2.1) 之间的个人比那些年龄在5岁以下的人更有可能没有完成TPT.
- 3个月的每日里法素和伊索尼亚齐德 (3RH) (aOR=2.6) 和6个月的每日伊索尼亚齐德 (6H) (aOR=7) 方案的不完成率高于每周3个月的伊索尼亚齐德和里法丁 (3HP).
- 与健康中心相比,在转诊医院开始TPT (aOR=1.95) 与较高的未完成率有关.
结论:
- 需要有针对性的干预措施来改善年轻成年人 (15-34岁) 中的TPT完成率.
- 加强在转诊医院开始TPT的个体的治疗后续对象至关重要.
- 由于潜在的更好的完成率,国家结核病计划应该优先考虑3HP疗程.
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