相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 17, 2025
09:05
Measurements of CO2 Fluxes at Non-Ideal Eddy Covariance Sites
Published on: June 24, 2019
7.9K
在局部主导和运输受影响的同视模式下,区域间合作减排对臭氧减排的有效性
Jing Ma1, Yingying Yan2,3, Shaofei Kong1,4
1Department of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
Environmental science and pollution research international
|August 9, 2024
概括
中国中部的臭氧污染是由高压系统和跨境运输下的当地排放造成的. 减少区域排放会显著降低臭氧水平,特别是在特定的大气循环模式下.
科学领域:
- 大气化学和物理大气化学和物理
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 气象学 天气学
背景情况:
- 臭氧度的增加和污染日需要了解区域臭氧动态.
- 臭氧污染源于当地的光化学形成和受天气模式影响的跨境运输.
- 有效的控制策略需要在各种大气循环下区分排放影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了分类与中华人民共和国臭氧污染相关的大气循环模式.
- 在不同循环类型下模拟排放控制在减轻臭氧污染方面的有效性.
- 在特定的天气条件下识别导致臭氧污染的关键排放源.
主要方法:
- 使用Lamb-Jenkinson方法和ECMWF ERA5数据 (2014-2019) 对大气循环的分类.
- 使用WRF-Chem模型模拟臭氧污染,以评估排放控制的有效性.
- 根据已识别的循环模式,对减排场景的敏感性分析.
主要成果:
- 九种循环模式占臭氧污染天数的79.5%,进一步分为五种类型.
- 在高压或低压系统下的局部污染 (A和C类型) 显示了污染物扩散的减少.
- 消除中国中部地区的人为排放减少了39.1%的臭氧 (A型);消除中国东部地区的排放减少了22.7%的臭氧 (EC型).
结论:
- 大气循环显著影响臭氧污染水平和排放控制的有效性.
- 针对特定地区的有针对性的减排对于控制不同天气模式下的臭氧污染至关重要.
- 了解区域运输和地方形成是制定有效的臭氧污染减缓战略的关键.
相关概念视频
01:46Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes: Ozonolysis
10.1K
In ozonolysis, ozone is used to cleave a carbon–carbon double bond to form aldehydes and ketones, or carboxylic acids, depending on the work-up.
Ozone is a symmetrical bent molecule stabilized by a resonance structure.
Ozone is a symmetrical bent molecule stabilized by a resonance structure.
10.1K
02:35Regioselectivity of Electrophilic Additions-Peroxide Effect
8.5K
In the presence of organic peroxides, the addition of hydrogen bromide to an alkene yields the isomer that is not predicted by Markovnikov’s rule. For example, the addition of hydrogen bromide to 2-methylpropene in the presence of peroxides gives 1-bromo-2-methylpropane. This addition reaction proceeds via a free radical mechanism, which reverses the regioselectivity. The free radical reaction mechanism involves three stages: initiation, propagation, and termination.
8.5K
01:25Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods
391
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) atomizes samples through flame atomization or electrothermal atomization. Flame atomization typically involves a nebulizer and spray chamber assembly to combine the sample with a fuel–oxidant mixture, creating a fine aerosol mist that enters a burner. Typically, the fuel and oxidant are combined in an approximately stoichiometric ratio. However, for atoms that are easily oxidized, a fuel-rich mixture may be more advantageous. Only about 5% of the...
391
01:30Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference
178
In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
178