低资源的成年人普遍焦虑障碍:一个全国代表性的,纵向队列研究跨越COVID-19大流行
Catherine K Ettman1, Salma M Abdalla2, Ruochen Wang2
1Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
American journal of epidemiology
|August 9, 2024
概括
在COVID-19大流行期间,通用焦虑症 (GAD) 不成比例地影响了低收入和年轻人. 解决失业等压力因素是减轻弱势群体焦虑的关键.
科学领域:
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 在COVID-19大流行期间,低资源人群中,普遍焦虑障碍 (GAD) 的负担增加.
- 了解大流行对GAD患病率的纵向影响对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在整个COVID-19大流行期间,估计美国成年人中GAD的患病率并确定其风险因素.
- 检查社会经济因素,个人健康和生活压力因素与GAD查结果之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 美国成年人的长度,全国代表性研究 (CLIMB研究) (n=1270) 采用了2020年,2021年和2022年的数据.
- 用于分析随时间推移的GAD-7分数 (≥10) 的概括估计方程.
- 分析与GAD查相关的人口,社会经济和压力因素相关的变量.
主要成果:
- 全国GAD查患病率从2020年的24.4%下降到2022年的21.3%.
- 较低的收入 (≤19,999美元),年轻的年龄 (18-39岁) 和之前的COVID-19感染与增加GAD的几率有关.
- 每一个额外的生活压力因素都会使GAD的几率增加14%; 2020年失去工作和租金困难预测了2022年的GAD.
结论:
- 随着COVID-19大流行,弱势群体的GAD恶化,低收入和年轻年龄是显著的风险因素.
- 针对社会经济压力因素的有针对性的干预措施对于减轻与流行病相关的焦虑至关重要.
- 疫情后,需要对风险群体的心理健康进行持续监测和支持.
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