机器学习模型用于预测患有败血症相关急性损伤的重症患者的死亡率:系统性审查
Chieh-Chen Wu1, Tahmina Nasrin Poly2, Yung-Ching Weng1
1Department of Healthcare Information and Management, School of Health and Medical Engineering, Ming Chuan University, Taipei 111, Taiwan.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 10, 2024
概括
机器学习模型可以预测败血症相关急性损伤 (AKI) 的死亡率. 然而,确保这些模型中的公平性至关重要,以防止医疗保健差距,并促进公平的患者护理.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 败血症相关的急性损伤 (AKI) 是一种严重的疾病,需要准确的预后工具.
- 机器学习 (ML) 提供了改善患者分层和治疗败血症的干预的潜力.
- 公平而公正的ML模型对于可靠的临床决策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查有关ML算法的有效性,以预测败血症相关的AKI死亡率的文献.
- 在这个患者群体中评估现有的ML模型的性能和公平性.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Scopus和Web of Science (2000-2024) 进行了详尽的文献搜索.
- 包括使用ML预测败血症-AKI死亡率的研究;排除了非英语和数据不足的研究.
- 数据提取和质量评估由两位独立审查员进行.
主要成果:
- 包括五项研究,主要包括男性和白人患者队列,种族/种族数据有限.
- ML模型显示了可变的性能 (AUROC 0.60-0.87),XGBoost,RF和LR显示了高精度.
- ML模型显示了早期AKI进展预测和生存改善的潜力.
结论:
- ML模型显示出预测死亡率和指导与败血症相关的AKI的管理的重大潜力.
- 现有的模型表现出性能变化和缺乏公平性,可能加剧医疗保健差异.
- 开发可靠和公平的ML模型对于临床采用和患者利益至关重要.
相关概念视频
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction
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Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...


