授粉者对畜牧放牧的反应:对草生态系统中的牧场保护的影响
Hayes B Goosey1, Gabrielle E Blanchette2, David E Naugle3
1Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.
Journal of insect science (Online)
|August 10, 2024
概括
在牧场上定期放牧可以通过创造合适的筑巢息地,使蜜蜂种群受益. 这种管理实践增强了授粉者丰富性,支持全球粮食供应的重要生态系统服务.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 授粉是全球粮食供应的关键生态系统服务,蜜蜂在牧场中的植物授粉中发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 覆盖全球陆地植被的一半的牧场被广泛用于牲畜放牧,这可能会影响昆虫授粉者.
研究的目的:
- 调查牧场管理对蜜蜂和其他昆虫授粉者在草牧场丰富度的影响.
- 为了比较放牧土地上的授粉者社区与置土地,以了解息地要求.
主要方法:
- 授粉者采样于2016年至2018年在美国蒙大拿州的放牧 (休息旋转和未登记) 和置的草草牧场进行.
- 在被放牧和置的地块上评估了植被特征,包括裸露的地面和垃圾覆盖面.
- 蜜蜂和二次授粉者丰富度被量化,并在不同的土地管理处理中进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 与置土地相比,被放牧的牧场表现出更大的赤裸地面和更少的垃圾.
- 在2016-2017年,蜜蜂的繁殖率在放牧土地上高于置土地的2-3倍,尽管天气条件不利,但在2018年也有类似的结果.
- 占总数的94%以上的地面巢蜜蜂受到定期放牧的积极影响,这些牧场保持了无植被的巢地点.
结论:
- 定期放牧可以通过管理地面覆盖和垃圾来增强授粉者息地,为地面筑巢的蜜蜂创造必要的筑巢机会.
- 有定期放牧的管理牧场可能支持更高的蜜蜂丰富度,可能模仿历史的放牧模式.
- 包含定期畜牧放牧的牧场管理策略可能有利于授粉者保护和生态系统健康.
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