在透析结果和实践模式研究 (DOPPS) 中通过透析实践变化解释血液透析死亡率的国际趋势
Keith P McCullough1, Hal Morgenstern2, Hugh C Rayner3
1Arbor Research Collaborative for Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
概括
全球血液透析患者的生存率有所改善,这是由于医疗机构的实践改进. 关键的实践,如Kt/V,控制和AVF使用显著解释了欧洲,日本和美国的生存收益.
科学领域:
- 科和临床医学 临床医学
- 公共卫生和流行病学
- 改善医疗保健质量 改善医疗保健质量
背景情况:
- 自1998年以来,血液透析死亡率呈现下降趋势,受各种因素的影响,这些因素可能因地理区域而异.
- 了解设施级实践在调解这些生存趋势中的作用,对于有针对性的质量改进举措至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查血液透析设施实践的变化与病例混合调整后患者存活率的改善之间的关联.
- 确定特定设施实践在多大程度上解释了不同大陆地区 (欧洲,日本,美国) 观察到的生存趋势.
主要方法:
- 一项观察性前性队列研究,从1999年到2015年,涉及美国,日本和四个欧洲国家 (德国,意大利,西班牙,英国) 的500个血液透析设施.
- 评估了四个关键的设施实践措施:Kt/V ≥1.2,透析间体重增加 (IDWG) <5.7%,<6mg/dL,以及动脉静脉 (AVF) 的利用.
- 调整为案例组合的调解分析被用于量化设施实践对随着时间的推移改善生存率的贡献.
主要成果:
- 在所有地区都观察到病例混合调整后生存率的显著改善:欧洲13%/十年,日本12%/十年,美国47%/十年.
- 设施实践,特别是Kt/V和控制,解释了欧洲77%的生存率改善和日本73%的生存率改善 (IDWG也注意到日本).
- 在美国,56%的生存改善归因于设施实践,AVF使用和控制是关键驱动因素.
结论:
- 1999年至2015年间血液透析患者生存率的改善主要归因于特定设施实践的改进.
- 这些实践的贡献规模因地区而异,凸显出需要量身定制的质量改进战略.
- 通过在血液透析设施中不断发展和实施基于证据的临床实践,可以在患者生存率方面取得进一步的进步.
相关概念视频
Dialysis
281
Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
281
Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment
68
Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
68
Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments
77
In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
77
Current Trends in Nursing II
1.2K
Trends in nursing are multifactorial and associated with changes in society, within the nursing profession, and in other professions. Notably, telehealth and remote nursing contribute to successful healthcare delivery for numerous patients and help reduce stress for nurses due to nursing shortages. Nurses can reach patients, monitor their conditions, and interact with them using computers, audio, visual accessories, and telephones—for example, remote patient monitoring systems. Likewise,...
1.2K
Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics
353
Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
353


