第四剂双价性COVID-19疫苗在引起交叉反应性记忆B细胞与Omicron亚型的过程中优于单价性助推剂
Holly A Fryer1, Daryl Geers2, Lennert Gommers2
1Dept. Immunology, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
The Journal of infection
|August 10, 2024
概括
与单价增强剂相比,双价Omicron增强剂 (第四剂量) 显著增强中和抗体和B细胞对SARS-CoV-2变体的记忆反应. 这些基于Omicron的疫苗改善了现有的B细胞对新兴亚变体的交叉识别.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 双等效的COVID-19疫苗结合了祖先的武汉-胡-1 (WH1) 菌株和Omicron亚型 (BA.1或BA.5).
- 新出现的SARS-CoV-2 Omicron亚型对现有的疫苗诱导免疫力构成挑战.
- 了解双价增强剂对记忆B细胞反应的影响,对于优化疫苗策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在第四剂BA.1或BA.5双价疫苗接种后,描述RBD特异性B细胞记忆 (Bmem) 反应.
- 为了比较由双价疫苗和WH1单价疫苗诱导的Bmem反应.
- 评估Bmem根据不同的助推策略对各种Omicron亚型的交叉识别.
主要方法:
- 医疗保健工作者接受了第四剂WH1单价或BA.1/BA.5双价疫苗.
- 血清中和抗体 (NAb) 对SARS-CoV-2变种进行量化.
- 使用光谱流细胞计分析了RBD特异性的Bmem,评估了与WH1,BA.1,BA.5,BQ.1.1,XBB.1.5 RBD蛋白质的结合.
主要成果:
- 两种双价疫苗都诱导了比单价疫苗更高的NAb标位对抗Omicron亚变体.
- 双等效疫苗显著增加了WH1 RBD特定的Bmem结合所有测试的Omicron亚型.
- 单价疫苗接种并没有增强Bmem.mem对Omicron亚变体的识别.
结论:
- 基于Omicron的双价疫苗显著提高了针对祖先和Omicron变异的NAb和RBD特异性Bmem反应.
- 双价增强剂比单价增强剂更有效地通过先前存在的Bmem提高新出现的SARS-CoV-2亚变体的交叉识别.
- 基于变体的mRNA增强剂疫苗增强了对新出现的SARS-CoV-2变体的免疫记忆,可能改善了对严重疾病的保护.
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