与酒精和物质使用障碍复发相关的因素
Ahmet Bülent Yazıcı1, Muhammed Raşit Bardakçı2
1Department of Psychiatry, Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey.
The Eurasian journal of medicine
|August 11, 2024
概括
了解酒精和物质使用障碍 (ASUD) 的复发至关重要. 早期发病和健康状况不佳等因素会增加复发风险,而社会支持和动机会降低复发风险,指导更好的治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 成研究研究成研究
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 酒精和物质使用障碍 (ASUD) 是一种慢性复发性疾病.
- 导致ASUD复发的因素复杂,需要持续研究.
- 了解这些因素对于开发有效的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为研究与ASUD复发相关的因素提供最新的研究回顾.
- 为了清晰度,将已识别的因素组织成不同的类别.
- 为临床实践和未来研究方向提供信息.
主要方法:
- 对研究的文献综述,研究了影响ASUD复发的因素.
- 确定风险和保护因素的分类.
- 综合关于药物和心理治疗干预的发现.
主要成果:
- 持续确定ASUD复发的风险因素包括早期发病年龄,奖励系统功能障碍,身体健康不佳,睡眠障碍,精神伴随性疾病,ASUD严重程度,渴望,低自我效能,负面生活事件和低社会经济地位.
- 与复发率降低相关的保护因素包括积极的家庭功能,强大的社会支持,治疗动机和定期服药.
- 甲,布普伦诺芬和纳尔特雷等药物对阿片类药物和酒精使用障碍有效,但对其他物质使用障碍普遍不有效. 心理治疗方法 (动机面试,CBT,12步,应急管理) 是有效的.
- 性别和遗传因素显示出混合的结果,与复发没有一致的关系.
结论:
- ASUD复发受到广泛的生物心理社会因素的影响.
- 有效的ASUD治疗需要综合干预,解决个人,社会和环境因素.
- 尽管取得了进展,但高复发率强调需要继续强调社会支持和康复服务.
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