脑图自闭症和注意力缺陷/多动性障碍揭示了明显的和重叠的神经生物学
Saashi A Bedford1, Meng-Chuan Lai2, Michael V Lombardo3
1Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
自闭症和ADHD表现出明显的脑结构差异,性别影响自闭症神经解剖学,而不是ADHD. 这些神经发育状况具有独特的模式,特别是当它们同时发生时.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 自闭症 (ASD) 和注意力缺陷/多动症 (ADHD) 是复杂的神经发育状况,具有重叠的症状和性别偏见.
- 关于自闭症和多动症的研究往往忽视了性别差异及其共同发生.
- 规范建模为研究神经发育障碍中特定年龄和性别的大脑发育提供了一个框架.
研究的目的:
- 用人口建模来描述自闭症和ADHD的皮质解剖学.
- 在这些条件下检查性别和年龄对神经解剖学的影响.
- 探索自闭症和ADHD同时发生的神经解剖学模式.
主要方法:
- 在一个大型的多站点神经成像数据集 (N=4255) 上利用了人口建模.
- 与规范性大脑发育模型 (N>75,000) 相比,基准发现.
- 分析皮质厚度,体积和表面积,考虑年龄,性别和诊断状态.
主要成果:
- 自闭症与上皮质皮层厚度/体积增加有关.
- 与全球皮质厚度增加相关的ADHD,但体积/表面积减少.
- 同时发生的自闭症+ADHD显示出独特的广泛皮质厚度增加和一些表面积减少.
- 性调节自闭症神经解剖学;年龄与ADHD诊断相互作用.
结论:
- 自闭症和ADHD之间存在明显的皮层差异.
- 年龄和性别对自闭症和ADHD的神经解剖学有不同的影响.
- 自闭症和ADHD的同时出现呈现出独特的神经解剖学模式.
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