体育和长寿:国际运动员的观察研究
Abdullah Altulea1, Martijn G S Rutten1, Lex B Verdijk2
1European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen (RUG), Groningen, The Netherlands.
GeroScience
|August 11, 2024
概括
不同的运动会对寿命产生不同的影响. 在体操和杆跳运动中,男性运动员的寿命增长最快,而相运动员的寿命更短. 球拍运动对两性都有好处.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 长寿研究 长寿研究
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
背景情况:
- 身体活动显著影响人类的寿命和健康.
- 虽然运动的益处已知,但不同运动对寿命的具体影响需要进一步研究.
- 了解这些关联可以为公共卫生战略和个人选择提供信息.
研究的目的:
- 调查参与各种体育赛事与在一大批前国际运动员中寿命之间的关联.
- 与一般参考人群相比,确定与长寿增加或减少相关的特定运动.
- 探索体育和寿命之间的关系中的潜在基于性别的差异.
主要方法:
- 采用强大的线性回归模型,分析了44个体育学科的95,210名前运动员的数据.
- 预期寿命的变化是通过将运动员在死亡时的年龄与参考人群进行比较来计算的,对性别,死亡年份和国家进行控制.
- 来自183个国家的1862年至2002年间出生的运动员的数据从公共来源收集.
主要成果:
- 不同的体育运动的参与与寿命有着不同的关联. 男性运动员通常比女性运动员体验到更长寿命的好处.
- 杆跳和体操与男性最大的寿命延长有关 (长达8.4年).
- 和排球与男性的寿命显著减少有关 (高达-9.8年). 球拍运动始终显示出两性之间的积极关联.
结论:
- 参与的体育运动类型对运动员的寿命有着不同的影响.
- 体育运动的有氧和无氧特征可能会影响长寿结果,混合强度运动可能会带来最大的益处.
- 虽然女性运动员的发现需要谨慎的解释,但这项研究强调了特定运动活动与人类寿命之间的复杂关系.
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