心灵饮食,大脑转录基因变化和痴呆症
Jun Li1,2, Ana W Capuano3,4, Puja Agarwal3,5
1Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
概括
一种健康的饮食,就像MIND饮食一样,与独特的大脑基因表达特征有关. 这种特征与老年人的认知衰退速度减慢和痴呆症风险降低有关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 饮食模式显著影响痴呆风险,但潜在的分子途径仍然在很大程度上未被阐明.
- 了解连接饮食和大脑健康的生物机制对于开发有效的痴呆症预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定与坚持MIND饮食 (地中海饮食方法停止高血压干预神经退行性延迟) 相关的大脑转录形状.
- 调查与饮食相关的转录组形状和认知健康轨迹 (包括全球认知和痴呆风险) 之间的联系,在老年人中.
主要方法:
- 从宗教秩序研究和记忆和衰老项目的1204名参与者的死后前额叶皮层获得的RNA测序数据.
- 在482个个体中,识别了一种与MIND饮食得分相关的50基因转录组签名.
- 在剩余的722名参与者中,检查了这种转录组特征得分与认知衰退和痴呆发病率之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 确定了50个基因的显著转录基因特征,并与MIND饮食得分相关 (p=0.001).
- 较高的转录基因特征得分与全球认知能力每年下降的速度较慢 (β=0.011,p=0.003) 和痴呆的几率降低 (OR=0.76,p=0.0002).
- TCIM和IGSF5的基因表达可能调解了MIND饮食和痴呆症之间的关系.
结论:
- 已经确定了一个与健康饮食模式,特别是MIND饮食相关的大脑转录形状.
- 这种特征与更好的认知健康有关,并可能揭示影响认知衰老和痴呆风险的新基因.
- 需要进一步的研究来证实因果关系,并探索已识别的基因在调解饮食与大脑相互作用中的功能作用.
相关概念视频
01:30Dementia
108
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
108
01:03Long-term Depression
2.5K
Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over...
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over...
2.5K
01:26Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
456
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
456
01:30Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
112
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
112
01:14Brain Imaging
219
Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
219