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Updated: Jun 17, 2025

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牛流感病毒A ((H5N1) 的受体结合特异性

Pradeep Chopra^1,2, Caroline K Page^2,3, Justin D Shepard^2,3

¹Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Rd, Athens, GA 30602, USA.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

|August 12, 2024

概括

美国奶牛中的高度致病性禽流感病毒 (H5N1) 主要与鸟类受体结合,而不是人类受体. 持续监测对于检测H5N1受体特异性和潜在的人类传播风险的任何转变至关重要.

科学领域:

病毒学病毒学
分子生物学分子生物学
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

最近在美国奶牛中爆发的高度致病性禽流感病毒 (H5N1) 呈现出人类新型暴露途径.
了解病毒受体结合特异性对于评估动物感染潜力至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了研究特定的牛H5N1病毒分离物的受体结合特异性 (A/bovine/OH/B24OSU-432/2024).
为了确定这种牛H5N1菌株是否获得了类似人类的受体结合特征.

主要方法:

使用了四种不同的测定方法:甘氨酸阵列技术,生物层干扰测量 (BLI),固相捕获试验和血液凝结.
包括具有良好特征的禽 (H5N1) 和人类 (H1N1) A型流感病毒作为对照.
执行了血凝素 (HA) 蛋白的序列对齐.

主要成果:

牛H5N1分离物优先结合"鸟类型"受体 (α2,3-化).
序列分析证实了HA蛋白中存在与鸟类受体特异性相关的氨基酸.
在这种隔离物中没有发现获得的人类病毒受体结合特异性的证据.

结论:

研究的牛H5N1病毒保留了类似鸟类的受体结合特异性.
持续监测至关重要,以检测在流通的牛H5N1菌株中出现任何人类受体结合特征.

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